The gut microbiota shapes intestinal immune responses during health and disease.

The gut microbiota shapes intestinal immune responses during health and disease.
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肠道菌群在健康和疾病期间塑造肠道免疫反应。

DOI:
10.1038/nri2515
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发表时间:
2009-05
期刊:
Nature reviews. Immunology
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其他
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免疫失调是许多非传染性人类疾病的原因,如自身免疫、过敏和癌症。胃肠道是宿主免疫系统与微生物(包括共生微生物和致病微生物)相互作用的主要部位。在这里,我们讨论的发现表明,适应性免疫系统的发育方面受到肠道细菌定植的影响。我们还重点介绍了调节适当免疫功能的宿主-共生体相互作用的分子途径。最后,我们提供了最近的证据来支持一个新兴的概念,即细菌微生物区系的紊乱会导致免疫失调,这可能是炎症性肠病等疾病的基础。也许,看似旨在控制微生物的哺乳动物免疫系统,实际上是由微生物自己控制的。
Immunologic dysregulation is the cause of many non-infectious human diseases such as autoimmunity, allergy and cancer. The gastrointestinal tract is the primary site of interaction between the host immune system and microorganisms, both symbiotic and pathogenic. Here we discuss findings which indicate that developmental aspects of the adaptive immune system are influenced by intestinal bacterial colonization. We also highlight the molecular pathways that mediate host–symbiont interactions that regulate proper immune function. Finally, we present recent evidence to support an emerging concept whereby disturbances in the bacterial microbiota result in immunological dysregulation that may underlie disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. Perhaps the mammalian immune system which appears designed to control microbes is, in fact, controlled by the microbes themselves.
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