Pbx homeodomain proteins: TALEnted regulators of limb patterning and outgrowth.

Pbx homeodomain proteins: TALEnted regulators of limb patterning and outgrowth.
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DOI:
10.1002/dvdy.22605
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发表时间:
2011-05
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Selleri, Licia
Selleri, Licia
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Capellini, Terence D.;Zappavigna, Vincenzo;Selleri, Licia

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肢体发育长期以来为理解驱动胚胎发生的遗传原则提供了一个很好的模型。利用鸡和小鼠的研究导致了对肢体模式和形态发生的新见解。最近的研究集中在肢体发育的调控网络。在这里,我们讨论的层次,重叠,和迭代的作用,Pbx家族成员的apapapricular发展中出现的遗传分析在小鼠中。Pbx基因在决定肢芽的定位、早期芽的形成、肢轴的建立和协调以及肢和带的大多数元素的图案化和形态发生中是必不可少的。Pbx蛋白直接调节肢体和腰带发育的关键效应子,包括肢体后中胚层中的形态发生编码基因如Shh,以及肩胛前结构域中的转录因子编码基因如Alx 1。有趣的是,至少在肢芽中,Pbx似乎不仅作为Hox辅因子,而且在上游控制5' HoxA/D基因表达。
Limb development has long provided an excellent model for understanding the genetic principles driving embryogenesis. Studies utilizing chick and mouse have led to new insights into limb patterning and morphogenesis. Recent research has centered on the regulatory networks underlying limb development. Here, we discuss the hierarchical, overlapping, and iterative roles of Pbx family members in appendicular development that have emerged from genetic analyses in the mouse. Pbx genes are essential in determining limb bud positioning, early bud formation, limb axes establishment and coordination, and patterning and morphogenesis of most elements of the limb and girdle. Pbx proteins directly regulate critical effectors of limb and girdle development, including morphogen-encoding genes like Shh in limb posterior mesoderm, and transcription factor-encoding genes like Alx1 in pre-scapular domains. Interestingly, at least in limb buds, Pbx appear to act not only as Hox cofactors, but also in the upstream control of 5' HoxA/D gene expression.
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