Multi-antigen spherical nucleic acid cancer vaccines.

Multi-antigen spherical nucleic acid cancer vaccines.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41551-022-01000-2
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发表时间:
2023-07
影响因子:
28.1
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
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--
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癌症疫苗必须激活多种免疫细胞类型才能有效对抗侵袭性肿瘤,但这些多靶向疫苗的设计考虑尚未得到充分研究。在此,我们证明了在转录组,细胞和有机体水平上的免疫反应的结构介绍的多种抗原肽的影响。球形核酸(SNA)纳米构建体用于研究抗原加工、细胞因子产生和记忆中的差异,所述差异源于两种抗原类别的空间分布和纳米级放置以激活两种T细胞类型。与两个单抗原SNA相比,单个双抗原SNA(DA-SNA)分别引起抗原特异性T细胞活化和增殖增加30%和两倍。DA-SNA内的抗原放置改变了免疫基因表达和肿瘤生长:包封辅助和外部缀合细胞毒性T细胞抗原(称为DA-SNA 2)提高了抗肿瘤基因通路,阻止了淋巴瘤小鼠的肿瘤。当与临床相关黑色素瘤中的抗PD-1检查点抑制剂组合时,DA-SNA 2抑制肿瘤并增加循环T细胞记忆。这项工作强调了实施由模块化纳米级架构提供的结构控制以合成具有改善功效的多抗原疫苗的重要性。
Cancer vaccines must activate multiple immune cell types to be effective against aggressive tumors, but design considerations for these multi-targeted vaccines are underexplored. Herein, we demonstrate the impact of structural presentation of multiple antigenic peptides on immune responses at transcriptomic, cellular, and organismal levels. Spherical nucleic acid (SNA) nanoconstructs were used to investigate differences in antigen processing, cytokine production, and memory stemming from spatial distribution and nanoscale placement of two antigen classes to activate two T cell types. A single dual-antigen SNA (DA-SNA), compared to two single-antigen SNAs, elicited a 30% and two-fold increase in antigen-specific T cell activation and proliferation, respectively. Antigen placement within DA-SNAs changed immunological gene expression and tumor growth: encapsulating helper and externally-conjugating cytotoxic T cell antigens (termed DA-SNA 2) elevated antitumor gene pathways, stalling tumors in mice with lymphoma. When combined with anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor in clinically relevant melanoma, DA-SNA 2 suppressed tumors and increased circulating T cell memory. This work highlights the importance of implementing structural control afforded by modular nanoscale architectures to synthesize multi-antigen vaccines with improved efficacy.
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