The Environmental Dimensions of Migration.

The Environmental Dimensions of Migration.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112223
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发表时间:
2015-08
影响因子:
10.5
通讯作者:
Norton RM
Norton RM
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hunter LM;Luna JK;Norton RM

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近年来,关于人类迁徙的环境层面的研究取得了重要进展。然而,研究结果跨越了多个学科,方法论广泛,理论发展有限。这篇文章回顾了该领域的主要发现,并确定了社会学研究的未来方向。我们认为,该领域已经超越了线性的环境“推动”理论,转向更大程度上整合背景,包括微观、中观和宏观层面的相互作用。我们着重指出,移徙往往是一项分散风险的家庭战略(NELM),与家庭构成、个人特征、社会网络以及历史、政治和经济背景相互作用。我们着重指出该领域有希望的发展,包括认识到移徙是一种长期的环境适应形式,但只是众多适应形式中的一种。最后,我们认为,社会学家可以通过关注不平等、观念和机构相对于结构的问题,对移民环境调查做出重大贡献。
Research on the environmental dimensions of human migration has made important strides in recent years. However, findings have been spread across multiple disciplines with wide ranging methodologies and limited theoretical development. This article reviews key findings of the field and identifies future directions for sociological research. We contend that the field has moved beyond linear environmental “push” theories towards a greater integration of context, including micro-, meso-, and macro-level interactions. We highlight findings that migration is often a household strategy to diversify risk (NELM), interacting with household composition, individual characteristics, social networks, and historical, political and economic contexts. We highlight promising developments in the field, including the recognition that migration is a long-standing form of environmental adaptation and yet only one among many forms of adaptation. Finally, we argue that sociologists could contribute significantly to migration-environment inquiry through attention to issues of inequality, perceptions, and agency vis-à-vis structure.
使用调查数据来研究发展中国家的迁移环境关系:数据收集的替代方法。
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