Introduction to the Special Issue on Musics of Coeval East Asia

Introduction to the Special Issue on Musics of Coeval East Asia
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当代东亚音乐特刊简介

DOI:
10.1017/s1478572221000153
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
0.4
通讯作者:
CHANG H
CHANG H
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
CHANG H

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许多批判性亚洲研究的学者指出,在英语国家的人文学科中,东亚一直被建构为他者。[1]他们引用了一些意识形态,这些意识形态继续推动着东亚的本质主义建构,认为东亚是静态的、古老的、与西方分离的--从东方主义,欧洲和美国帝国主义的标志,到战后的博厄斯文化主义,后者作为对西方帝国主义带来的文化标准化的一种批判而出现。[2]如果说目前以英语为母语的东亚音乐研究公然参与了过去的其他实践,那就有些夸张了。然而,这些遗产仍然以微妙的方式继续塑造着这一学术的认识基础。例如,这可以从参考书、教科书和教学大纲中知识的组织和呈现方式中看出。中国音乐、日本音乐和韩国音乐首先被描述为一系列传统音乐;西方音乐、流行音乐或其他混合形式的音乐确实出现过,但被赋予次要或补充的地位。3这种知识结构强化了“联合国”模式,在这种模式中,各国以传统音乐为代表,并在国家限定的空间和时间内存在。很难粗略地描绘最近研究的快速变化的地形;然而,有可能找到一种建构主义的菌株,尽管它的关键工作,仍然将音乐映射到国家或种族认同的概念上。在这种建构主义的框架下,20世纪音乐的传统是通过民族主义和全球化的身份话语来重建的。[4]然而,在这种重建的音景之外的东西仍然没有得到充分的探索,因此音乐仍然与“民族束缚的、身份驱动的诠释学”联系在一起。5
A number of scholars in critical Asian Studies have pointed out the persistent construction of East Asia as the Other across Anglophone humanities. 1 They have cited ideologies that have continued to motivate the essentialist construction of East Asia as static, archaic, and separate from the West–from orientalism, a hallmark of European and US imperialisms, to post-war Boasian culturalism, which emerged as a kind of critique of cultural standardization brought on by Western imperialisms. 2 It would be an exaggeration to say that current Anglophone scholarship on the music of East Asia overtly partakes in the othering practices of the past. However, the legacies nevertheless continue to shape the epistemic ground of this scholarship in subtle ways. This is seen, for example, in the ways in which knowledge is organized and presented in reference books, textbooks, and syllabi.‘Chinese’,‘Japanese’, and ‘Korean’music is depicted first and foremost as a range of traditional musics; Western, popular, or other hybrid forms of music do make an appearance but are given secondary or supplementary status. 3 This structure of knowledge reinforces a ‘United Nations’ model where nations are represented by traditional music and exist within nationally bounded space and time. It is difficult to paint in broad strokes the rapidly changing terrain of recent research; however, it is possible to locate a constructivist strain, which, despite its critical work, still maps music onto notions of national or ethnic identity. In this constructivist frame, there is a productive recognition that the traditional in twentieth-century music is reconstructed through the identity discourses of nationalism and globalization. 4 However, what lies outside this reconstructed soundscape remains underexplored, and thus music remains tethered to a ‘nation-bound, identity-driven hermeneutics’. 5
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