Environmental DNA illuminates the dark diversity of sharks.
Environmental DNA illuminates the dark diversity of sharks.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.aap9661
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发表时间：
2018-05
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Mouillot D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boussarie G;Bakker J;Wangensteen OS;Mariani S;Bonnin L;Juhel JB;Kiszka JJ;Kulbicki M;Manel S;Robbins WD;Vigliola L;Mouillot D
环境 DNA 揭示了意想不到的鲨鱼多样性，并呼吁监测和保护剩余种群。在“人类世动物区系丧失”时代，大型物种通常不再在它们以前出现的栖息地被发现。然而，目前尚不清楚巨型动物群的这种明显缺失或“黑暗”多样性是否是由于当地物种灭绝或未能发现难以捉摸的剩余个体造成的。我们发现，尽管采样工作量减少了两个数量级，但环境 DNA (eDNA) 在新喀里多尼亚群岛（西南太平洋）检测到的鲨鱼种类比传统的水下视觉普查和诱饵视频多了 44%。此外，eDNA 分析揭示了在受人类影响的地区存在以前未观察到的鲨鱼物种。总体而言，我们的结果表明，在受影响地区和荒野地区，鲨鱼的患病率比传统调查方法所描述的要高。这表明迫切需要大规模 eDNA 评估，以改善对受威胁和难以捉摸的巨型动物的监测。最后，我们的研究结果强调需要专门针对难以捉摸的残余种群进行保护工作。
Environmental DNA reveals unsuspected shark diversity and calls for monitoring and protection of residual populations. In the era of “Anthropocene defaunation,” large species are often no longer detected in habitats where they formerly occurred. However, it is unclear whether this apparent missing, or “dark,” diversity of megafauna results from local species extirpations or from failure to detect elusive remaining individuals. We find that despite two orders of magnitude less sampling effort, environmental DNA (eDNA) detects 44% more shark species than traditional underwater visual censuses and baited videos across the New Caledonian archipelago (south-western Pacific). Furthermore, eDNA analysis reveals the presence of previously unobserved shark species in human-impacted areas. Overall, our results highlight a greater prevalence of sharks than described by traditional survey methods in both impacted and wilderness areas. This indicates an urgent need for large-scale eDNA assessments to improve monitoring of threatened and elusive megafauna. Finally, our findings emphasize the need for conservation efforts specifically geared toward the protection of elusive, residual populations.
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影响因子：
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