How bad could it be? Alcohol dampens stress responses to threat of uncertain intensity.
How bad could it be? Alcohol dampens stress responses to threat of uncertain intensity.
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797613499923
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发表时间：
2013-12
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Curtin JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bradford DE;Shapiro BL;Curtin JJ
抑制压力反应是饮酒的一个重要动机。然而，在实验室中观察到的通过酒精（酒精 SRD）减轻压力的效果并不一致，这引发了人们对这些效应的精确机制和边界条件的疑问。新的证据表明，在不确定但不是某些威胁的情况下，可以选择性地观察到酒精 SRD。在 89 名参与者的最终样本中，我们通过防御性惊吓反射的增强来测量压力反应，以应对具有一定（低和高）和不确定冲击强度的街区中的冲击威胁。我们的饮酒程序产生了参与者的血液酒精浓度 (BAC)，范围很广 (0.00%–0.12%)。 BAC 的增加与惊吓增强和自我报告的焦虑的线性下降相关。这种 SRD 效应在不确定威胁期间比在特定威胁期间更大。更广泛地说，这些结果表明，应对不确定强度的威胁和特定强度的威胁涉及不同的机制。
Stress response dampening is an important motive for alcohol use. However, stress reduction via alcohol (alcohol SRD) is observed inconsistently in the laboratory, and this has raised questions about the precise mechanisms and boundary conditions for these effects. Emerging evidence indicates that alcohol SRD may be observed selectively during uncertain but not certain threats. In a final sample of 89 participants, we measured stress response via potentiation of defensive startle reflex in response to threat of shock in blocks with certain (low and high) and uncertain shock intensity. Our alcohol-administration procedure produced blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) across a broad range (0.00%–0.12%) across participants. Increasing BACs were associated with linearly decreasing startle potentiation and self-reported anxiety. This SRD effect was greater during uncertain than certain threat. More broadly, these results suggest that distinct mechanisms are involved in response to threats of uncertain intensity and threats of certain intensity.
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DOI：
10.1038/npp.2009.109
发表时间：
2010-01
期刊：
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Grillon, Christian;Chavis, Chanen;Covington, Matthew F.;Pine, Daniel S.
通讯作者：
Pine, Daniel S.
影响因子：
17.7
作者：
Grillon, Christian;Lissek, Shmuel;Pine, Daniel S.
通讯作者：
Pine, Daniel S.
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Cornwell, Brian R.;Echiverri, Aileen M.;Grillon, Christian
通讯作者：
Grillon, Christian
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Grillon, Christian;Baas, Johanna M. P.;Levine, Jessica
通讯作者：
Levine, Jessica