Marketing to Children Inside Quick Service Restaurants: Differences by Community Demographics.
Marketing to Children Inside Quick Service Restaurants: Differences by Community Demographics.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2021.01.035
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Economos CD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen JFW;Cooksey Stowers K;Rohmann M;Lapierre N;Rimm EB;Cash SB;Davison KK;McInnis K;Economos CD
在美国，孩子们经常吃快餐店的食物，但人们对快餐店目前使用的营销策略知之甚少。这项研究旨在验证QSR的以儿童为中心的环境评估工具(EAT)，评估QSR内部和外部的营销策略，并检查社区种族/民族或收入的差异。对排名前5位的国家QSR链进行了EAT评分员间和重测信度评估。2018-2019年，对新英格兰各地社会经济和种族/民族多元化社区的165家QSR(每个全国连锁店33家)的营销技术进行了调查。混合方法方差分析考察了2020年营销技术的差异。EAT的评分者间信度和重测信度较高(Cohen‘sκ>；0.80)。大约95%的QSR销售不太健康的食品，而只有6.5%的QSR销售健康选择。当按社区人口统计学检验差异时，低收入社区QSR内部和外部的价格促销广告明显更多。此外，在少数族裔人口较多的社区，儿童指导的广告中有更多卡通或电视/电影角色，以及较少的健康主菜选择和更多的含糖饮料和甜点选择。EAT是评估QSR内部营销的有效工具。结果表明，QSR内部存在大量不健康的食品和饮料营销，在低收入和少数族裔社区使用的技术的数量和类型有所不同。应该考虑将QSR营销限制在儿童身上的政策。
In the U.S., children regularly consume foods from quick service restaurants (QSRs), but little is known about the marketing strategies currently used inside QSRs. This study aims to validate a child-focused Environmental Assessment Tool (EAT) for QSRs, evaluate marketing strategies inside and on the exterior of QSRs, and examine differences by community race/ethnicity or income. The inter-rater and test–retest reliability of EAT were assessed across the top 5 national QSR chains. Marketing techniques in 165 QSRs (33 per national chain) in socioeconomically and racially/ethnically diverse communities throughout New England were examined in 2018–2019. Mixed methods ANOVA examined differences in marketing techniques in 2020. The inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the EAT were high (Cohen’s κ>0.80). Approximately 95% of QSRs marketed less healthy foods whereas only 6.5% marketed healthy options. When examining differences by community demographics, there were significantly more price promotion ads inside and on the exterior of QSRs in lower-income communities. Additionally, there was a greater number of child-directed ads with cartoon or TV/movie characters, as well as fewer healthy entrée options and more sugar-sweetened beverage and dessert options on the children’s menu inside QSRs in communities with higher minority populations. EAT is a valid tool to evaluate marketing inside QSRs. Results suggest there is a substantial amount of unhealthy food and beverage marketing inside QSRs, with differences in the number and types of techniques used in lower-income and minority communities. Policies that limit QSR marketing to children should be considered.
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影响因子：
8
作者：
Bowman, SA;Gortmaker, SL;Ludwig, DS
通讯作者：
Ludwig, DS
DOI：
10.1016/s0002-8223(98)00260-0
发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
Glanz, K;Basil, M;Snyder, D
通讯作者：
Snyder, D
影响因子：
26.1
作者：
Powell, Lisa M.;Nguyen, Binh T.
通讯作者：
Nguyen, Binh T.
影响因子：
--
作者：
Krukowski, Rebecca A.;Eddings, Kenya;West, Delia Smith
通讯作者：
West, Delia Smith
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Pruitt SL;Jeffe DB;Yan Y;Schootman M
通讯作者：
Schootman M