Effectiveness of e-cigarettes as aids for smoking cessation: evidence from the PATH Study cohort, 2017-2019.

Effectiveness of e-cigarettes as aids for smoking cessation: evidence from the PATH Study cohort, 2017-2019.
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DOI:
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056901
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发表时间:
2023-08
期刊:
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Messer, Karen
Messer, Karen
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen, Ruifeng;Pierce, John P.;Leas, Eric C.;Benmarhnia, Tarik;Strong, David R.;White, Martha M.;Stone, Matthew;Trinidad, Dennis R.;McMenamin, Sara B.;Messer, Karen

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鉴于2017年高尼古丁电子烟销量上升,评估2017年至2019年美国电子烟在戒烟方面的有效性。 2017年,烟草与健康人口评估(PATH)队列研究纳入了3578名前一年有过近期戒烟尝试的吸烟者以及1323名近期戒烟者的数据。受访者报告了用于戒烟的电子烟或其他产品,以及许多与电子烟使用相关的协变量。研究结果是2019年戒烟12个月及以上以及戒除烟草。我们报告了加权未调整估计值,并使用倾向得分匹配分析以及1500个自助抽样来估计调整后的风险差异(aRD)。 2017年,12.6%(95%置信区间为11.3% - 13.9%)的近期戒烟尝试者使用电子烟来辅助戒烟,较前几年有所下降。电子烟使用者的戒烟率(9.9%,95%置信区间为6.6% - 13.2%)低于未使用任何产品的人群(18.6%,95%置信区间为16.0% - 21.2%),电子烟与药物辅助戒烟相比的调整后风险差异为 -7.3%(95%置信区间为 -14.4%至 -0.4%),电子烟与任何其他方法相比为 -7.7%(95%置信区间为 -12.2%至 -3.2%)。只有2.2%(95%置信区间为0.0% - 4.4%)的近期戒烟者转而使用高尼古丁电子烟。转而使用电子烟的受试者似乎比未转而使用电子烟或其他烟草的受试者复发率更高,尽管差异无统计学意义。 2017年高尼古丁电子烟销量的增长并未转化为更多吸烟者使用这些电子烟来戒烟。平均而言,2017年使用电子烟戒烟并未提高成功戒烟率或防止复发。
To assess the effectiveness of e-cigarettes in smoking cessation in the USA from 2017 to 2019, given the 2017 increase in high nicotine e-cigarette sales. In 2017, the PATH Cohort Study included data on 3578 previous year smokers with a recent quit attempt and 1323 recent former smokers. Respondents reported e-cigarettes or other products used to quit cigarettes and many covariates associated with e-cigarette use. Study outcomes were 12+ months of cigarette abstinence and tobacco abstinence in 2019. We report weighted unadjusted estimates and use propensity score matched analyses with 1500 bootstrap samples to estimate adjusted risk differences (aRD). In 2017, 12.6% (95% CI 11.3% to 13.9%) of recent quit attempters used e-cigarettes to help with their quit attempt, a decline from previous years. Cigarette abstinence for e-cigarette users (9.9%, 95% CI 6.6% to 13.2%) was lower than for no product use (18.6%, 95% CI 16.0% to 21.2%), and the aRD for e-cigarettes versus pharmaceutical aids was −7.3% (95% CI −14.4 to –0.4) and for e-cigarettes versus any other method was −7.7% (95% CI −12.2 to –3.2). Only 2.2% (95% CI 0.0% to 4.4%) of recent former smokers switched to a high nicotine e-cigarette. Subjects who switched to e-cigarettes appeared to have a higher relapse rate than those who did not switch to e-cigarettes or other tobacco, although the difference was not statistically significant. Sales increases in high nicotine e-cigarettes in 2017 did not translate to more smokers using these e-cigarettes to quit smoking. On average, using e-cigarettes for cessation in 2017 did not improve successful quitting or prevent relapse.
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