Swimming as a model of task-specific locomotor retraining after spinal cord injury in the rat.
Swimming as a model of task-specific locomotor retraining after spinal cord injury in the rat.
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DOI：
10.1177/1545968308331147
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发表时间：
2009-07
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Burke D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Magnuson DS;Smith RR;Brown EH;Enzmann G;Angeli C;Quesada PM;Burke D
作者已经证明，在中度严重的胸髓挫伤后，大鼠可以重新训练游泳。他们还发现，在训练的前两周，身体位置和后肢活动迅速改善，到第四周达到平台期。地面行走不受游泳训练的影响，这表明游泳可能是一种特定任务的运动再训练模式。目的：定量描述未受损伤的成年大鼠在游泳过程中、损伤后和再训练后的后肢运动。作者使用了一种新颖而简化的游泳运动学评估，其中每条肢体都被描述为2个维度，即3个部分和2个角度。未受伤大鼠的运动学在4周的日常游泳中没有改变，这表明习服并不涉及后肢运动的精细化。脊髓损伤后，再训练包括增加后肢偏移量和改善肢体位置，但运动速度仍然较慢。这些数据表明，游泳的活动模式在大鼠脊髓中是固定的。在脊髓损伤后，重复足以带来后肢运动模式的显著改善，但并不能改善所产生的力，从而使动物持续存在缺陷。这些数据支持这样的概念，即力量(负荷)和模式产生(招募)是独立的，可能必须在受伤后康复方面一起管理。
The authors have shown that rats can be retrained to swim after a moderately severe thoracic spinal cord contusion. They also found that improvements in body position and hindlimb activity occurred rapidly over the first 2 weeks of training, reaching a plateau by week 4. Overground walking was not influenced by swim training, suggesting that swimming may be a task-specific model of locomotor retraining. To provide a quantitative description of hindlimb movements of uninjured adult rats during swimming, and then after injury and retraining. The authors used a novel and streamlined kinematic assessment of swimming in which each limb is described in 2 dimensions, as 3 segments and 2 angles. The kinematics of uninjured rats do not change over 4 weeks of daily swimming, suggesting that acclimatization does not involve refinements in hindlimb movement. After spinal cord injury, retraining involved increases in hindlimb excursion and improved limb position, but the velocity of the movements remained slow. These data suggest that the activity pattern of swimming is hardwired in the rat spinal cord. After spinal cord injury, repetition is sufficient to bring about significant improvements in the pattern of hindlimb movement but does not improve the forces generated, leaving the animals with persistent deficits. These data support the concept that force (load) and pattern generation (recruitment) are independent and may have to be managed together with respect to postinjury rehabilitation.
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