mRNA transcripts as molecular biomarkers in medicine and nutrition.
mRNA transcripts as molecular biomarkers in medicine and nutrition.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jnutbio.2009.11.012
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发表时间：
2010-08
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Sunde, Roger A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sunde, Roger A.
在医学中，mRNA转录物被开发为用于诊断和治疗许多疾病的分子生物标志物。这些生物标志物提供了早期和更准确的疾病和疾病进展的预测和诊断，以及识别风险个体的能力。微阵列的使用还提供了鉴定已知与常规生物标志物不相关的正交（不相关）生物标志物的机会。研究人员越来越多地使用血液作为活检和分析的替代组织;从全血中分离的总RNA主要来自红系细胞，并且全血mRNA与主要组织共享超过80%的转录组。因此，用于个体化疾病预测和诊断的血液mRNA生物标志物是医学中令人兴奋的领域;营养学中的mRNA生物标志物具有与这些机会平行的潜在应用。硒（Se）的状态和需求的评估是组织mRNA水平已被成功使用的一个领域。硒蛋白-H和硒蛋白-W以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶-1（Gpx 1）mRNA在硒缺乏大鼠肝脏中高度下调，基于这些生物标志物的最低膳食硒需要量为0.06-0.07 μg Se/g，与使用常规生物标志物确定的需要量相似。血Gpx 1 mRNA也可以用来确定硒的需求量在大鼠，表明血液mRNA有潜力的营养状况的评估。未来的研究需要为所有营养素开发mRNA生物标志物面板，以区分缺乏，边缘，充足和营养过剩的个体和人群，并区分将受益于营养补充剂的个体与受到营养补充剂不利影响的个体。
In medicine, mRNA transcripts are being developed as molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of a number of diseases. These biomarkers offer early and more accurate prediction and diagnosis of disease and disease progression, and ability to identify individuals at risk. Use of microarrays also offers opportunity to identify orthogonal (uncorrelated) biomarkers not known to be linked with conventional biomarkers. Investigators are increasingly using blood as a surrogate tissue for biopsy and analysis; total RNA isolated from whole blood is predominantly from erythroid cells, and whole blood mRNA share more than 80% of the transcriptome with major tissues. Thus blood mRNA biomarkers for individualized disease prediction and diagnosis are an exciting area in medicine; mRNA biomarkers in nutrition have potential application that parallel these opportunities. Assessment of selenium (Se) status and requirements is one area where tissue mRNA levels have been used successfully. Selenoprotein-H and selenoprotein-W as well as glutathione peroxidase-1 (Gpx1) mRNAs are highly down-regulated in Se deficiency in rat liver, and the minimum dietary Se requirement is 0.06–0.07 μg Se/g based on these biomarkers, similar to requirements determined using conventional biomarkers. Blood Gpx1 mRNA can also be used to determine Se requirements in rats, showing that blood mRNA has potential for assessment of nutrient status. Future research is needed to develop mRNA biomarker panels for all nutrients that will discriminate between deficient, marginal, adequate, and supernutritional individuals and populations, and differentiate between individuals that will benefit versus be adversely affected by nutrient supplementation.
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