Transmission and detection of prions in feces.
Transmission and detection of prions in feces.
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DOI：
10.1086/588193
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Prusiner SB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Safar JG;Lessard P;Tamgüney G;Freyman Y;Deering C;Letessier F;Dearmond SJ;Prusiner SB
在鹿科动物的慢性消耗性疾病（CWD）和绵羊痒病中，朊病毒似乎是水平传播的。经口接触受朊病毒污染的血液、尿液、唾液和粪便已被认为是易患朊病毒疾病的食草动物中 CWD 和痒病的传播方式。为了探索朊病毒通过粪便的传播情况，未接种的叙利亚仓鼠 (SHa) 与经口感染 Sc237 朊病毒的 SHa 共同生活或接触其垫料。暴露动物的潜伏期约为 140 天，朊病毒感染率为 80-100%，表明可能通过粪便传播。我们通过构象依赖性免疫测定法测量了粪便中致病的朊病毒蛋白 (PrPSc) 亚型，并在过表达 SHaPrP 的转基因小鼠的脑内滴定了受辐射的粪便。口服攻击后前 7 天从受感染的 SHa 收集的粪便含有约 60 ng/g 的 PrPSc 和约 106.6 ID50 单位/克的朊病毒滴度。在整个潜伏期的无症状阶段，传染性朊病毒的排泄持续在较低水平，很可能是通过从受感染的派尔氏集结中排出朊病毒来实现的。我们的研究结果表明，食草动物之间的水平传播可能是通过食用感染 CWD 的鹿和感染羊痒病的绵羊粪便中受朊病毒污染的食物而发生的。
In chronic wasting disease (CWD) of cervids and scrapie of sheep, prions appear to be transmitted horizontally. Oral exposure to prion-tainted blood, urine, saliva and feces has been suggested as the mode of transmission for CWD and scrapie among herbivores susceptible to these prion diseases. To explore the transmission of prions through feces, uninoculated Syrian hamsters (SHa) were cohabitated with or exposed to the bedding of SHa orally infected with Sc237 prions. Incubation times of ~140 days and 80–100% prion infection rate in exposed animals suggested transmission by feces, probably via coprophagy. We measured the disease-causing isoform of the prion protein (PrPSc) in feces by the conformation-dependent immunoassay and titrated the irradiated feces intracerebrally in transgenic mice overexpressing SHaPrP. Feces collected from infected SHa in the first 7 days after oral challenge harbored ~60 ng/g of PrPSc and prion titers of ~106.6 ID50 units/g. The excretion of infectious prions continued at lower levels throughout the asymptomatic phase of the incubation period, most likely by shedding prions from infected Peyer’s patches. Our findings suggest that horizontal transmission among herbivores may occur through the consumption of feces or foodstuff tainted with prions from feces of CWD-infected cervids and scrapie-infected sheep.
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影响因子：
168.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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