Acute pulmonary toxic effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) following an intratracheal instillation in rats

Acute pulmonary toxic effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) following an intratracheal instillation in rats
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氯己定(CHX)气管内滴注后对大鼠的急性肺部毒性作用

DOI:
10.1177/0960327111400104
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发表时间:
2011-02
期刊:
Human & Experimental Toxicology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Takeshita, Haruo
Takeshita, Haruo
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xue, Yuying;Zhang, Shanshan;Yang, Yang;Lu, Minyu;Wang, Yiqing;Zhang, Ting;Tang, Meng;Takeshita, Haruo

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氯己定(CHX)是一种阳离子双胍类化合物,广泛用于皮肤、粘膜和医疗器械的消毒。由于其使用方便,中毒事件时有发生。一些致命病例因将 CHX 直接吸入肺部而发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS)。由于 CHX 产品通常是为局部使用消毒而开发的,因此没有关于 CHX 肺部毒性的临床前信息。在本研究中,研究了 CHX 气管内滴注后对大鼠的急性肺部毒性作用。将大鼠暴露于浓度为 0.02% 和 0.2% 的 CHX 或暴露于体积为 500 μl/kg b.w 的蒸馏水中。 0.2%浓度的CHX引起白细胞计数(WBC)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、血尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(CRE)等血液学和生化值的变化,并诱导肺泡内水肿和出血等炎症反应,并导致肺部靶器官浓度下降 当大鼠气管内给药时,其浓度约为 1.0 μg/g,并维持超过 1 周。 CHX 的细胞毒性作用可能会在大鼠中引起这些有害反应。
Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a cationic biguanide compound that has been widely used for disinfection of skin, mucous membranes, and medical instruments. Poisoning has been occurred occasionally due to its easy accessibility. Some fatal cases developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from aspiration of CHX directly into the lung. There is no preclinical information about the pulmonary toxicity of CHX available since the products of CHX are usually developed for disinfection by topical use. In this study, the acute pulmonary toxic effects of CHX following an intratracheal instillation in rats were investigated. Rats were exposed either to CHX at concentrations of 0.02% and 0.2% or to distilled water at a volume of 500 μl/kg b.w. CHX at concentration of 0.2% caused changes in hematological and biochemical values including white blood cell count (WBC), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE), and induced inflammatory reactions including intra-alveolar edema and hemorrhages, as well as resulted in the target organ concentration in lungs at the level of about 1.0 μg/g and maintained for more than 1 week, when administered intratracheally in rats. The cytotoxic action of CHX might induce those detrimental reactions in rats.
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