Age-related differences in emotional reactivity, regulation, and rejection sensitivity in adolescence.
Age-related differences in emotional reactivity, regulation, and rejection sensitivity in adolescence.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0028297
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发表时间：
2012-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ochsner KN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Silvers JA;McRae K;Gabrieli JD;Gross JJ;Remy KA;Ochsner KN
虽然青少年的情绪生活被认为比成年人更动荡，但这种差异是否归因于情绪反应或情绪调节的发展变化尚不清楚。研究1通过向10-23岁的健康个体呈现负面和中性的图片来解决这个问题，并要求他们自然地做出反应，或者在逐个试验的基础上使用认知重新评估来下调他们的反应。结果表明，年龄产生的线性和二次调节成功的影响，但无关的情绪反应。研究2使用不同的重新评估任务复制并扩展了这些发现，并进一步表明情境（即，社会与非社会刺激）和性格（即，拒绝敏感性水平）社会因素与年龄相互作用，预测调节成功：年轻的青少年在调节社会比非社会刺激的反应不太成功，特别是如果青少年在拒绝敏感性高。两者合计，这些结果有重要的影响，包括情绪调节模型的情绪和认知发展。
Although adolescents’ emotional lives are thought to be more turbulent than those of adults, it is unknown whether this difference is attributable to developmental changes in emotional reactivity or emotion regulation. Study 1 addressed this question by presenting healthy individuals aged 10–23 with negative and neutral pictures and asking them to respond naturally or use cognitive reappraisal to down-regulate their responses on a trial-by-trial basis. Results indicated that age exerted both linear and quadratic effects on regulation success but was unrelated to emotional reactivity. Study 2 replicated and extended these findings using a different reappraisal task and further showed that situational (i.e., social vs. nonsocial stimuli) and dispositional (i.e., level of rejection sensitivity) social factors interacted with age to predict regulation success: young adolescents were less successful at regulating responses to social than to nonsocial stimuli, particularly if the adolescents were high in rejection sensitivity. Taken together, these results have important implications for the inclusion of emotion regulation in models of emotional and cognitive development.
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