Rhodium catalysed C-3/5 methylation of pyridines using temporary dearomatisation.

Rhodium catalysed C-3/5 methylation of pyridines using temporary dearomatisation.
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DOI:
10.1039/d0sc02759f
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发表时间:
2020-08-10
期刊:
影响因子:
8.4
通讯作者:
Donohoe TJ
Donohoe TJ
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grozavu A;Hepburn HB;Bailey EP;Lindsay-Scott PJ;Donohoe TJ

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吡啶是有机化学中普遍存在的芳香环,是药物发现过程中的关键元素。在这里,我们描述了一种新的催化方法,它直接在芳环上引入甲基;这一新反应与借氢有关,并以原料化学品甲醇和甲醛为关键试剂而引人注目。从概念上讲,吡啶的C-3/5甲基化是通过利用芳香族和非芳香族化合物之间的界面来完成的,这使得出现了一种振荡的反应模式,在还原活化后,通常亲电性的芳香族化合物在反应中变得亲核。因此,一组C-4官能化的吡啶可以在C-3/5位单甲基化或双甲基化。电子贫乏的吡啶可以通过还原被激活,然后在C3/5用甲醛甲基化。
Pyridines are ubiquitous aromatic rings used in organic chemistry and are crucial elements of the drug discovery process. Herein we describe a new catalytic method that directly introduces a methyl group onto the aromatic ring; this new reaction is related to hydrogen borrowing, and is notable for its use of the feedstock chemicals methanol and formaldehyde as the key reagents. Conceptually, the C-3/5 methylation of pyridines was accomplished by exploiting the interface between aromatic and non-aromatic compounds, and this allows an oscillating reactivity pattern to emerge whereby normally electrophilic aromatic compounds become nucleophilic in the reaction after activation by reduction. Thus, a set of C-4 functionalised pyridines can be mono or doubly methylated at the C-3/5 positions. Electron poor pyridines can be activated by reduction and then methylated at C3/5 using formaldehyde.
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