Single particle cryo-EM structure of the outer hair cell motor protein prestin.

Single particle cryo-EM structure of the outer hair cell motor protein prestin.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-021-27915-z
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发表时间:
2022-01-12
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Santos-Sacchi J
Santos-Sacchi J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Butan C;Song Q;Bai JP;Tan WJT;Navaratnam D;Santos-Sacchi J

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哺乳动物外毛细胞(OHC)蛋白普雷斯廷(Slc 26 a5)与其他Slc 26家族成员不同,这是由于其独特的压电样性质驱动OHC电运动性,这是耳蜗放大的假定机制。在这里,我们使用冷冻电子显微镜,以确定普雷斯廷的结构在3.6毫米的分辨率。普雷斯廷在结构上类似于阴离子转运蛋白Slc 26 a9。它被捕获在一个向内打开的状态,这可能反映了普雷斯廷的收缩状态。两个分离良好的跨膜(TM)结构域和两个细胞质硫酸盐转运蛋白和抗σ因子拮抗剂(STAS)结构域形成交换的二聚体。跨膜结构域由两个7+7反向重复序列中组织的14个跨膜片段组成,这是首次在细菌同向转运体UraA中观察到的结构。普雷斯廷的氯离子结合位点的突变消除了水杨酸盐与阴离子的竞争,同时保留了普雷斯廷的特征位移电流(非线性电容),破坏了普雷斯廷功能的外源电压传感器假设。普雷斯廷表达于外毛细胞(OHC)中,属于Slc 26转运蛋白家族,并且作为驱动OHC电运动的电压驱动马达起作用。在这里,作者报告冷冻电镜结构和沙鼠普雷斯廷的特点,其作用机制的见解。
The mammalian outer hair cell (OHC) protein prestin (Slc26a5) differs from other Slc26 family members due to its unique piezoelectric-like property that drives OHC electromotility, the putative mechanism for cochlear amplification. Here, we use cryo-electron microscopy to determine prestin’s structure at 3.6 Å resolution. Prestin is structurally similar to the anion transporter Slc26a9. It is captured in an inward-open state which may reflect prestin’s contracted state. Two well-separated transmembrane (TM) domains and two cytoplasmic sulfate transporter and anti-sigma factor antagonist (STAS) domains form a swapped dimer. The transmembrane domains consist of 14 transmembrane segments organized in two 7+7 inverted repeats, an architecture first observed in the bacterial symporter UraA. Mutation of prestin’s chloride binding site removes salicylate competition with anions while retaining the prestin characteristic displacement currents (Nonlinear Capacitance), undermining the extrinsic voltage sensor hypothesis for prestin function. Prestin, expressed in outer hair cell (OHC), belongs to the Slc26 transporter family and functions as a voltage-driven motor that drives OHC electromotility. Here, the authors report cryo-EM structure and characterization of gerbil prestin, with insights into its mechanism of action.
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