Dorsal cochlear nucleus single neurons can enhance temporal processing capabilities in background noise.

Dorsal cochlear nucleus single neurons can enhance temporal processing capabilities in background noise.
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耳蜗背核单个神经元可以增强背景噪声下的时间处理能力。

DOI:
10.1007/bf00232448
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发表时间:
1994
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Karcich,KJ
Karcich,KJ
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Frisina,RD;Walton,JP;Karcich,KJ

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包络时间波动对于有效处理生物相关声音(包括语音、动物发声、声源位置和音调)至关重要。声音包络的幅度调制(AM)可以由一些听觉神经元(包括耳蜗核的神经元)在安静的情况下进行高保真编码。从神经生理学和临床角度来看,了解背景噪声对 AM 处理的影响非常重要。为了进一步实现这一目标,我们对聚氨酯麻醉的龙猫的背侧耳蜗核(DCN)单元进行了单单元记录。根据 PSTH 反应模式、首次尖峰潜伏期和最佳频率 (BF) 速率-强度函数的形状,本研究的所有单元均被分类为暂停/累积或 On-s 单元。 BF 纯音和 AM (10-500 Hz) 音调突发在安静且存在连续宽带掩蔽器的情况下以多个声级呈现。研究发现:(1) DCN 单元可以在存在大噪声(+14 或 +19 dB S/N)和高信号电平(例如 75 dB SPL)的情况下相对安静地增强其 AM 编码; (2)对于本研究的单元样本,这通常是通过降低平均发射率和增加同步(基频)响应来实现的; (3)对于某些单元,AM编码在背景噪声中保持不变或下降。这些发现的本质表明,DCN 单元通过屏蔽噪声来保留或增强 AM 编码的部分能力是由外围工作范围变化造成的,而部分则来自 DCN 内的固有电路(抑制输入)或细胞机制(声音时间特征的树突过滤)。
Envelope temporal fluctuations are critical for effective processing of biologically relevant sounds including speech, animal vocalizations, sound-source location and pitch. Amplitude modulation (AM) of sound envelopes can be encoded in quiet with high fidelity by some auditory neurons, including those of the cochlear nucleus. From both neurophysiological and clinical perspectives, it is important to understand the effects of background noise on the processing of AM. To further this goal, single-unit recordings were made from dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) units in urethane-anesthetized chinchillas. All units of this study were classified as pauser/buildup or On-s units according to PSTH response patterns, first spike latencies, and shape of best-frequency (BF) rate-intensity functions. BF puretone and AM (10–500 Hz) tone bursts were presented at several sound levels, in quiet and in the presence of a continuous wideband masker. The following was found: (1) DCN units can enhance their AM coding relative to quiet in the presence of loud noise (+14 or +19 dB S/N) and at high signal levels (e.g. 75 dB SPL); (2) for the sample of units of the present study, this is usually achieved by lowering the average firing rate and increasing the synchronous (fundamental frequency) response; (3) for some units, the AM coding stays the same or declines in the background noise. The nature of these findings suggests that part of a DCN unit's abilities to preserve or enhance AM coding with masking noise results from peripheral operating range shifts, whereas part comes from intrinsic circuitry (inhibitory inputs) or cellular mechanisms (dendritic filtering of sound temporal features) within the DCN.
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