Mining in Africa after the supercycle: New directions and geographies
Mining in Africa after the supercycle: New directions and geographies
复制标题
超级周期后的非洲采矿业：新方向和地理
作者：
Bowman A
非洲采矿业正处于关键时刻。 2000年至2012年的大部分时间里，采掘业都处于大宗商品价格持续高位的“超级周期”之中。在新兴市场经济体资源密集型增长的推动下，预计大宗商品价格高企将持续数十年。然而，这一“超级周期”于2012年结束，2014年起矿产价格大幅下跌。一方面，随着经济活动、矿产治理和环境监管模式的变化，商品市场动态的新时代已经开始。另一方面，超级周期的结束继续或强化了先前存在的机械化、自动化和飞地化趋势，而当地社区和东道国对公司的分配压力也随之增加。我们认为，超级周期的结束以尚未反映在现有研究中或在政策实施中考虑的方式重新配置了开采地理，特别是在企业战略、国家与企业关系和基于矿产的发展战略模型方面。在本文中，我们绘制了非洲超级循环的研究领域，并确定了新兴的后超级循环趋势——其中一些趋势已经超过了研究。本文围绕四个主题展开研究：(1) 投资和开采的新地理； （2）新的斗争地域； （3）国家矿产开发； （4）劳动力和生计，为此我们确定了超级周期和后超级周期的主要趋势以及未来研究和政策制定的领域。
Mining in Africa is at a pivotal moment. For most of the period 2000 to 2012, the extractive industries were in a “supercycle” of sustained high commodity prices. Driven by resource‐intensive growth in emerging market economies, these high commodity prices were anticipated to continue for decades to come. However, this “supercycle” ended in 2012 and there followed a severe slump in mineral prices from 2014 onwards. On the one hand, a new era of commodity market dynamics has begun, with changing patterns of economic activity, minerals governance, and environmental regulation. On the other hand, the end of the supercycle has continued or intensified pre‐existing trends towards mechanisation, automation, and enclavity, while distributive pressures on companies by local communities and host nations increase. We argue that the end of the supercycle has reconfigured the geographies of extraction in ways that are not yet reflected in existing research or taken into consideration in policy implementation, particularly around corporate strategy, state–business relations, and models for mineral‐based development strategies. In this paper we map the terrain of research on the supercycle in Africa and identify emerging post‐supercycle trends – some of which have overtaken research. The paper is structured around examining four themes: (1) new geographies of investment and extraction; (2) new geographies of struggle; (3) national minerals‐based development; and (4) labour and livelihoods, for which we identify key trends during the supercycle and post‐supercycle and areas for future research and policy development.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.exis.2018.02.001
发表时间：
2018-04-01
期刊：
EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES AND SOCIETY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jacob, Thabit;Pedersen, Rasmus Hundsbaek
通讯作者：
Pedersen, Rasmus Hundsbaek
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Collier;A. Venables
通讯作者：
A. Venables
超越手工采矿场：东非的移民、住房资本积累和间接城市化
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
J. B. Jønsson;D. Bryceson
通讯作者：
D. Bryceson
采矿、福利和城市化：赞比亚铜矿带摇摆不定的城市特征
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Patience Mususa
通讯作者：
Patience Mususa
全球一体化与地方冲突：塞拉利昂矿区
影响因子：
5
作者：
F. Akiwumi
通讯作者：
F. Akiwumi