Identification and functional characterization of a novel monotreme- specific antibacterial protein expressed during lactation.
Identification and functional characterization of a novel monotreme- specific antibacterial protein expressed during lactation.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0053686
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sharp JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bisana S;Kumar S;Rismiller P;Nicol SC;Lefèvre C;Nicholas KR;Sharp JA
单孔动物是唯一的卵生哺乳动物，表现出爬行动物和哺乳动物的迷人组合。它们代表着突触繁殖的一个组成部分，通过产下在母体外孵化的带壳卵。这伴随着原始动物的哺乳过程，标志着它们是早期哺乳动物的代表。现存的单孔目动物只有鸭嘴兽、短喙和长喙的针鼠，它们的分布仅限于澳大利亚和新几内亚。除了在短时间内断奶外，牛奶是幼崽唯一的营养和保护来源，因为幼崽是营养和免疫幼稚的。这些哺乳动物的哺乳期相对于妊娠的长度和卵子的孵化期是延长的。单孔幼虫的大部分发育是在非无菌的体外环境中进行的。因此，牛奶在幼崽的生长、发育和疾病保护中的作用是非常有意义的。通过测序，我们发现了一个新的单孔菌特异性转录本，并将其命名为EchAMP。该基因在不同组织中的表达谱表明，该基因在牛奶细胞中高表达。在电子分析中，在一份针鼠乳样中发现了与EchAMP蛋白相对应的多肽，这表明EchAMP的同源蛋白具有潜在的抗菌作用。使用大量细菌进行的体外检测进一步证实了这一点。有趣的是，EchAMP没有显示出任何对共生肠道花卉物种的活性。这些结果支持乳腺来源的抗菌生物活性物质提高幼崽存活率的假说，从而强调了牛奶对哺乳动物的保护和非营养作用。
Monotremes are the only oviparous mammals and exhibit a fascinating combination of reptilian and mammalian characters. They represent a component of synapsidal reproduction by laying shelled eggs which are incubated outside the mother’s body. This is accompanied by a prototherian lactation process, marking them as representatives of early mammals. The only extant monotremes are the platypus, and the short- and long- beaked echidnas, and their distributions are limited to Australia and New Guinea. Apart for a short weaning period, milk is the sole source of nutrition and protection for the hatchlings which are altricial and immunologically naive. The duration of lactation in these mammals is prolonged relative to the gestational length and period of incubation of eggs. Much of the development of monotreme young occurs in the non-sterile ex-utero environment. Therefore the role of milk in the growth, development and disease protection of the young is of significant interest. By sequencing the cDNA of cells harvested from monotreme milk, we have identified a novel monotreme- specific transcript, and the corresponding gene was designated as the EchAMP. The expression profile of this gene in various tissues revealed that it is highly expressed in milk cells. The peptides corresponding to the EchAMP protein have been identified in a sample of echidna milk In silico analysis indicated putative antimicrobial potential for the cognate protein of EchAMP. This was further confirmed by in vitro assays using a host of bacteria. Interestingly, EchAMP did not display any activity against a commensal gut floral species. These results support the hypothesis of enhancement of survival of the young by antimicrobial bioactives of mammary gland origin and thus emphasize the protective, non- nutritional role of milk in mammals.
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影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Hunter S;Jones P;Mitchell A;Apweiler R;Attwood TK;Bateman A;Bernard T;Binns D;Bork P;Burge S;de Castro E;Coggill P;Corbett M;Das U;Daugherty L;Duquenne L;Finn RD;Fraser M;Gough J;Haft D;Hulo N;Kahn D;Kelly E;Letunic I;Lonsdale D;Lopez R;Madera M;Maslen J;McAnulla C;McDowall J;McMenamin C;Mi H;Mutowo-Muellenet P;Mulder N;Natale D;Orengo C;Pesseat S;Punta M;Quinn AF;Rivoire C;Sangrador-Vegas A;Selengut JD;Sigrist CJ;Scheremetjew M;Tate J;Thimmajanarthanan M;Thomas PD;Wu CH;Yeats C;Yong SY
通讯作者：
Yong SY
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
BLACKBURN, DG;HAYSSEN, V;MURPHY, CJ
通讯作者：
MURPHY, CJ
DOI：
10.1107/s0907444996015831
发表时间：
1997-07-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Guss, JM;Messer, M;Kumar, V
通讯作者：
Kumar, V
影响因子：
3
作者：
HANISCH, FG;PETERKATALINIC, J;UHLENBRUCK, G
通讯作者：
UHLENBRUCK, G
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Bradley, AJ;Green, MJ
通讯作者：
Green, MJ