Better executive function under stress mitigates the effects of recent life stress exposure on health in young adults.
Better executive function under stress mitigates the effects of recent life stress exposure on health in young adults.
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DOI：
10.1080/10253890.2017.1286322
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发表时间：
2017-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Slavich GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shields GS;Moons WG;Slavich GM
执行功能是一种神经心理学概念，它使受控制的认知加工成为可能，并且据推测它能增强个体对压力的适应力。然而，很少有实证研究直接检验在不同条件下执行功能如何减轻压力暴露对健康的负面影响。为了解决这个问题，我们招募了110名健康的年轻人，评估了他们近期的生活压力暴露情况、在有压力或无压力环境下的执行功能以及当前的健康问题。基于现有研究，我们假设在基于实验室的压力源（而非对照任务）之后表现出更好执行功能的个体，其近期压力暴露与健康之间的关联会较弱，因为他们认为近期生活压力源不那么严重。与这一假设相符的是，在急性压力期间（而非无压力情况下）更好的执行功能与参与者近期生活压力暴露和他们当前健康问题之间的关联减弱有关。此外，这种减弱效应是由对压力源严重程度的较低感知所介导的。基于这些数据，我们得出结论：在压力下更好的执行功能与较少的健康问题相关，并且这些效应可能是通过降低个体对压力源严重程度的感知而产生的。因此，这些数据表明通过增强执行功能来减少与压力相关的健康问题是有可能的。
Executive function is a neuropsychological construct that enables controlled cognitive processing, which has been hypothesized to enhance individuals’ resilience to stress. However, little empirical work has directly examined how executive function under different conditions mitigates the negative effects of stress exposure on health. To address this issue, we recruited 110 healthy young adults and assessed their recent life stress exposure, executive function in either a stressful or non-stressful context, and current health complaints. Based on existing research, we hypothesized that individuals exhibiting better executive function following a laboratory-based stressor (but not a control task) would demonstrate weaker associations between recent stress exposure and health because they perceived recent life stressors as being less severe. Consistent with this hypothesis, better executive function during acute stress, but not in the absence of stress, was associated with an attenuated link between participants’ recent life stress exposure and their current health complaints. Moreover, this attenuating effect was mediated by lesser perceptions of stressor severity. Based on these data, we conclude that better executive function under stress is associated with fewer health complaints and that these effects may occur by reducing individuals’ perceptions of stressor severity. The data thus suggest the possibility of reducing stress-related health problems by enhancing executive function.
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