Large-scale physical activity data reveal worldwide activity inequality.
Large-scale physical activity data reveal worldwide activity inequality.
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大规模的体育活动数据揭示了全球活动不平等。
DOI：
10.1038/nature23018
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发表时间：
2017-07-20
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Leskovec J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Althoff T;Sosič R;Hicks JL;King AC;Delp SL;Leskovec J
了解身体活动的基本原则是遏制全球缺乏身体活动的流行和每年530万人因缺乏活动而死亡的必要条件。然而，由于缺乏对全世界自由生活人口的身体活动模式的大规模测量，我们的知识仍然有限。在这里，我们利用内置加速度计的智能手机的广泛使用来测量行星规模的身体活动。我们研究了一个由717，527人的6800万天身体活动组成的数据集，为我们提供了一个了解地球仪111个国家活动的窗口。我们发现活动在国家内部的分布不平等，这种不平等是一个更好的预测肥胖患病率的人口比平均活动量。女性活动的减少是观察到的活动不平等的一大部分原因。建筑环境的各个方面，如城市的可步行性，与活动和活动不平等方面的性别差距较小有关。在更适合步行的城市，活动在一天和一周内都更大，在年龄，性别和体重指数（BMI）组中，女性的活动增加最多。我们的研究结果对全球公共卫生政策和城市规划具有影响，并强调了活动不平等和建筑环境在改善身体活动和健康方面的作用。
Understanding the basic principles that govern physical activity is needed to curb the global pandemic of physical inactivity and the 5.3 million deaths per year associated with in-activity. Our knowledge, however, remains limited owing to the lack of large-scale measurements of physical activity patterns across free-living populations worldwide. Here, we leverage the wide usage of smartphones with built-in accelerometry to measure physical activity at planetary scale. We study a dataset consisting of 68 million days of physical activity for 717,527 people, giving us a window into activity in 111 countries across the globe. We find inequality in how activity is distributed within countries and that this inequality is a better predictor of obesity prevalence in the population than average activity volume. Reduced activity in females contributes to a large portion of the observed activity inequality. Aspects of the built environment, such as the walkability of a city, were associated with less gender gap in activity and activity inequality. In more walkable cities, activity is greater throughout the day and throughout the week, across age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) groups, with the greatest increases in activity for females. Our findings have implications for global public health policy and urban planning and highlight the role of activity inequality and the built environment for improving physical activity and health.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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