Cytoskeletal dynamics: concepts in measles virus replication and immunomodulation.
Cytoskeletal dynamics: concepts in measles virus replication and immunomodulation.
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DOI：
10.3390/v3020102
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发表时间：
2011-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schneider-Schaulies S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Avota E;Gassert E;Schneider-Schaulies S
与大多数病毒一样，麻疹病毒（MV）依赖于其宿主细胞的细胞骨架的完整性，这既与在这些细胞中的有效复制有关，也与其有利于病毒传播的运动性的保持有关。然而，正是病毒糖蛋白（gp）复合物与淋巴细胞和树突状细胞（DC）上存在的受体的表面相互作用，发出有效启动宿主细胞细胞骨架动力学的信号。对于DCs，这些可能起作用来调节病毒摄取和分选等多种过程，而且这些细胞成功建立和维持与T细胞的功能性免疫突触（IS）的能力。在T细胞中，MV信号传导导致与极化、粘附和运动性丧失相关的肌动蛋白细胞骨架麻痹，这与鞘磷脂酶的激活和随后的膜神经酰胺积累有关。MV调制DC和T细胞的细胞骨架动力学可能是重要的MV免疫抑制在细胞水平上的理解。
In common with most viruses, measles virus (MV) relies on the integrity of the cytoskeleton of its host cells both with regard to efficient replication in these cells, but also retention of their motility which favors viral dissemination. It is, however, the surface interaction of the viral glycoprotein (gp) complex with receptors present on lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DCs), that signals effective initiation of host cell cytoskeletal dynamics. For DCs, these may act to regulate processes as diverse as viral uptake and sorting, but also the ability of these cells to successfully establish and maintain functional immune synapses (IS) with T cells. In T cells, MV signaling causes actin cytoskeletal paralysis associated with a loss of polarization, adhesion and motility, which has been linked to activation of sphingomyelinases and subsequent accumulation of membrane ceramides. MV modulation of both DC and T cell cytoskeletal dynamics may be important for the understanding of MV immunosuppression at the cellular level.
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