Human ignitions on private lands drive USFS cross-boundary wildfire transmission and community impacts in the western US.
Human ignitions on private lands drive USFS cross-boundary wildfire transmission and community impacts in the western US.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-022-06002-3
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发表时间：
2022-02-15
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Short KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Downing WM;Dunn CJ;Thompson MP;Caggiano MD;Short KC
美国西部的野火代价越来越高、破坏力越来越大、致命性也越来越强。当火灾频繁发生在一种土地所有权上并损害其他所有权上的自然或开发资产时，减少野火损失尤其具有挑战性。管理多辖区的野火风险最近已成为野火战略规划、立法和风险研究的核心。然而，关于美国西部跨境火灾活动的经验知识仍然存在重要差距。在这里，我们使用美国林务局管理的土地作为研究系统，评估过去三十年来与跨境火灾活动相关的原因、着火地点、结构损失以及社会和生物物理因素。结果显示，跨境火灾主要是由人类在私人土地上引起的。跨界起火、烧毁面积和结构损失集中在加利福尼亚州。美国林业局管理的公共土地并不是导致大部分建筑物被毁的主要火灾源。跨境火灾活动在人口中等、道路和管辖边界网络密集的地区达到顶峰。火灾传播正在增加，有证据表明未来这种情况还将继续下去。有效的跨境火灾风险管理需要跨尺度的风险共治。专注于最大程度地减少对高价值资产的损害可能比将火灾排除在多辖区景观之外更有效。
Wildfires in the western United States (US) are increasingly expensive, destructive, and deadly. Reducing wildfire losses is particularly challenging when fires frequently start on one land tenure and damage natural or developed assets on other ownerships. Managing wildfire risk in multijurisdictional landscapes has recently become a centerpiece of wildfire strategic planning, legislation, and risk research. However, important empirical knowledge gaps remain regarding cross-boundary fire activity in the western US. Here, we use lands administered by the US Forest Service as a study system to assess the causes, ignition locations, structure loss, and social and biophysical factors associated with cross-boundary fire activity over the past three decades. Results show that cross-boundary fires were primarily caused by humans on private lands. Cross-boundary ignitions, area burned, and structure losses were concentrated in California. Public lands managed by the US Forest Service were not the primary source of fires that destroyed the most structures. Cross-boundary fire activity peaked in moderately populated landscapes with dense road and jurisdictional boundary networks. Fire transmission is increasing, and evidence suggests it will continue to do so in the future. Effective cross-boundary fire risk management will require cross-scale risk co-governance. Focusing on minimizing damages to high-value assets may be more effective than excluding fire from multijurisdictional landscapes.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1617394114
发表时间：
2017-03-14
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Balch JK;Bradley BA;Abatzoglou JT;Nagy RC;Fusco EJ;Mahood AL
通讯作者：
Mahood AL
影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Ager, Alan A.;Day, Michelle A.;Calkin, David E.
通讯作者：
Calkin, David E.
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Fischer, A. Paige;Spies, Thomas A.;Bowman, David M. J. S.
通讯作者：
Bowman, David M. J. S.
影响因子：
9.1
作者：
Haas, Jessica R.;Calkin, David E.;Thompson, Matthew P.
通讯作者：
Thompson, Matthew P.
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Dunn, Christopher J.;O'Connor, Christopher D.;Gilbertson-Day, Julie
通讯作者：
Gilbertson-Day, Julie