The genome sequence of the Antarctic bullhead notothen reveals evolutionary adaptations to a cold environment.
The genome sequence of the Antarctic bullhead notothen reveals evolutionary adaptations to a cold environment.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13059-014-0468-1
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发表时间：
2014-09-25
期刊：
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
Park H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shin SC;Ahn DH;Kim SJ;Pyo CW;Lee H;Kim MK;Lee J;Lee JE;Detrich HW;Postlethwait JH;Edwards D;Lee SG;Lee JH;Park H
南极鱼已经适应了南大洋冰冷的沃茨。对这种恶劣环境的代表性适应包括组成性热休克反应和血液中抗冻蛋白的进化。尽管它们适应寒冷，但由于缺乏测序的基因组，尚未对这些鱼进行全基因组研究。南极南极牛头南极鱼Notothenia coriiceps是一种环极分布的特有硬骨鱼，是了解基因组对恒定零下温度适应的良好模型。我们提供了N. coriiceps。与其他鱼类基因组的全基因组比较分析表明，线粒体蛋白和血红蛋白进化迅速。热应激反应的转录组分析发现了在寒冷环境中进化策略的替代反应机制。热休克因子1磷酸化依赖性类小泛素化基序的缺失表明热休克反应演变为一种简单而快速的磷酸化非依赖性调节机制。快速进化的血红蛋白和血液中热休克反应的诱导可能支持向冷适应的线粒体有效供应氧气。我们的数据和分析表明，在有效的有氧细胞呼吸的进化策略是由血红蛋白和线粒体蛋白，这可能是重要的南极鱼适应他们的环境。利用南极特有鱼类的基因组数据提供了宝贵的资源，为进化适应提供了证据，并可用于南极鱼类的其他研究。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s13059-014-0468-1）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Antarctic fish have adapted to the freezing waters of the Southern Ocean. Representative adaptations to this harsh environment include a constitutive heat shock response and the evolution of an antifreeze protein in the blood. Despite their adaptations to the cold, genome-wide studies have not yet been performed on these fish due to the lack of a sequenced genome. Notothenia coriiceps, the Antarctic bullhead notothen, is an endemic teleost fish with a circumpolar distribution and makes a good model to understand the genomic adaptations to constant sub-zero temperatures. We provide the draft genome sequence and annotation for N. coriiceps. Comparative genome-wide analysis with other fish genomes shows that mitochondrial proteins and hemoglobin evolved rapidly. Transcriptome analysis of thermal stress responses find alternative response mechanisms for evolution strategies in a cold environment. Loss of the phosphorylation-dependent sumoylation motif in heat shock factor 1 suggests that the heat shock response evolved into a simple and rapid phosphorylation-independent regulatory mechanism. Rapidly evolved hemoglobin and the induction of a heat shock response in the blood may support the efficient supply of oxygen to cold-adapted mitochondria. Our data and analysis suggest that evolutionary strategies in efficient aerobic cellular respiration are controlled by hemoglobin and mitochondrial proteins, which may be important for the adaptation of Antarctic fish to their environment. The use of genome data from the Antarctic endemic fish provides an invaluable resource providing evidence of evolutionary adaptation and can be applied to other studies of Antarctic fish. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0468-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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