Reduced susceptibility to interference in the consolidation of motor memory before adolescence.
Reduced susceptibility to interference in the consolidation of motor memory before adolescence.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0000240
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发表时间：
2007-02-28
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Karni A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dorfberger S;Adi-Japha E;Karni A
在巩固程序记忆方面，儿童是否优于成人？这一概念与大脑可塑性增强的“关键”早期生命阶段有关。在这里，使用运动序列学习任务，我们在实验1中表明，a)在训练过程中的学习速度，b)在没有额外练习的情况下，在训练后24小时内积累的收益(延迟巩固收益)，以及c)这些收益的长期保持，在9、12和17岁的儿童中同样有效，并与报告的成年人的收益相当。然而，一项后续实验表明，与9岁和12岁的孩子相比，17岁的孩子在为训练的动作序列建立记忆轨迹时，明显更容易受到随后的运动学习经历(练习相反的动作序列)的干扰。与17岁的青少年不同，即使在干扰训练之后，较年轻的年龄组也表现出显著的延迟增长。总之，我们的结果表明，在青春期之前和之后，运动学习都存在一个有效的巩固阶段，在学习或保持运动技能方面没有童年优势。然而，共同巩固不同的、连续的运动经验的能力在9岁和12岁的儿童中都表现出，在青春期之后就会减弱，这表明更有选择性的记忆巩固过程取代了童年的记忆巩固过程。只有成人的巩固过程受到近期效应的影响，在短时间间隔内发生多个冲突的经历的情况下，成年人在记忆中建立的经验可能不那么有效，被较新的经验所取代。
Are children superior to adults in consolidating procedural memory? This notion has been tied to “critical,” early life periods of increased brain plasticity. Here, using a motor sequence learning task, we show, in experiment 1, that a) the rate of learning during a training session, b) the gains accrued, without additional practice, within a 24 hours post-training interval (delayed consolidation gains), and c) the long-term retention of these gains, were as effective in 9, 12 and 17-year-olds and comparable to those reported for adults. However, a follow-up experiment showed that the establishment of a memory trace for the trained sequence of movements was significantly more susceptible to interference by a subsequent motor learning experience (practicing a reversed movement sequence) in the 17-year-olds compared to the 9 and 12-year-olds. Unlike the 17-year-olds, the younger age-groups showed significant delayed gains even after interference training. Altogether, our results indicate the existence of an effective consolidation phase in motor learning both before and after adolescence, with no childhood advantage in the learning or retention of a motor skill. However, the ability to co-consolidate different, successive motor experiences, demonstrated in both the 9 and 12-year-olds, diminishes after puberty, suggesting that a more selective memory consolidation process takes over from the childhood one. Only the adult consolidation process is gated by a recency effect, and in situations of multiple, clashing, experiences occurring within a short time-interval, adults may less effectively establish in memory experiences superseded by newer ones.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0926-6410(01)00124-0
发表时间：
2002-05-01
期刊：
COGNITIVE BRAIN RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hauptmann, B;Karni, A
通讯作者：
Karni, A
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Fonseca, R;Nägerl, UV;Bonhoeffer, T
通讯作者：
Bonhoeffer, T
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
HUBEL, DH;WIESEL, TN
通讯作者：
WIESEL, TN
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
KARNI, A;SAGI, D
通讯作者：
SAGI, D
影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Helmstaedter, C;Reuber, M;Elger, CCE
通讯作者：
Elger, CCE