World Travelers: Parthenogenesis and Ecological Tolerance Enable Multiple Colonization Events by the Widespread Short-Tailed Whipscorpion, Stenochrus portoricensis (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae)

World Travelers: Parthenogenesis and Ecological Tolerance Enable Multiple Colonization Events by the Widespread Short-Tailed Whipscorpion, Stenochrus portoricensis (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae)
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世界旅行者:单性生殖和生态耐受性使得广泛分布的短尾鞭蝎 Stenochrus portoricensis(裂殖目:Hubbardiidae)能够进行多次殖民活动

DOI:
10.1093/isd/ixab032
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Esposito, ed., Lauren
Esposito, ed., Lauren
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Monjaraz-Ruedas, Rodrigo;Francke, Oscar F.;Prendini, Lorenzo;Esposito, ed., Lauren

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尽管形态学仍然是诊断和描述短尾鞭蝎或分裂纲动物的有力工具(裂殖纲 Petrunkevitch,1945 年),特别是当有两种性别的成虫时,由于这些形态保守的蛛形纲动物缺乏特征,一些分裂纲分类单元的系统学很难解决。Stenochrus portoricensisChamberlin,1922 年在雌性受精囊的单一特征,是新大陆最普遍的精神分裂症。新热带地区的大量记录,从美国南部到巴西,整个加勒比地区,以及更远的地方,包括加拉帕戈斯群岛和欧洲,都提出了这样的问题:S. portoricensis确实是一个广泛分布的物种还是具有保守形态的多个物种的复合体?本研究使用多位点数据集和目前可用的最广泛的地理样本来解决 S. 的系统发育地理学问题。 portoricensis,对所有目前已知的 Stenochrus Chamberlin 物种进行分子分歧测年和祖先区域重建,1922 年。分析恢复了 S. portoricensis。 portoricensisas 并系。之前同义的两个物种被重新验证并转移到Stenochrus。群体结构分析恢复了 S 的剩余样本。 portoricensis 是一个具有低遗传差异的单一单系物种,由两个分支组成。祖先地区的重建表明窄腿鱼起源于中美洲,其中包含一种广泛分布的物种,最近被引入多个地区。欧洲和加勒比地区的引入发生在墨西哥尤卡坦半岛的一个进化枝上,该进化枝内的遗传差异很小,证实了多次独立引入的假设,并通过单性生殖促进了成功的殖民化。
Whereas morphology remains a powerful tool for the diagnosis and description of short-tailed whip scorpions, or schizomids (Order Schizomida Petrunkevitch, 1945), especially when adults of both sexes are available, the systematics of some schizomid taxa is difficult to resolve due to a lack of characters in these morphologically conserved arachnids.Stenochrus portoricensisChamberlin, 1922, defined on a single character of the female spermathecae, is the most widespread schizomid in the New World. Numerous records in the Neotropics, from the southern United States to Brazil, throughout the Caribbean, and further afield, including the Galapagos Islands and Europe, raise the question as to whetherS. portoricensisis indeed a single widespread species or a complex of multiple species with conserved morphology? The present study uses a multilocus dataset and the broadest geographical sample currently available to address the phylogeography ofS. portoricensiswith molecular divergence dating and ancestral area reconstruction of all currently known species ofStenochrusChamberlin, 1922. Analyses recoveredS. portoricensisas paraphyletic. Two species previously synonymized are revalidated and transferred toStenochrus. Population structure analyses recovered the remaining samples ofS. portoricensisas a single monophyletic species with low genetic divergence and comprising two subclades. Ancestral area reconstruction suggests a Mesoamerican origin forStenochrus, which contains a widespread species, recently introduced to multiple localities. Introductions to Europe and the Caribbean occurred from a single clade in the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico, within which genetic divergence is minimal, confirming the hypothesis of multiple independent introductions with successful colonization facilitated by parthenogenetic reproduction.
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