Pheromone Guidance of Polarity Site Movement in Yeast.
Pheromone Guidance of Polarity Site Movement in Yeast.
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DOI：
10.3390/biom12040502
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发表时间：
2022-03-26
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
细胞追踪化学梯度的能力是许多生物现象的组成部分，包括受精、发育、获取营养和对抗感染。酵母酿酒酵母的交配提供了一个易于理解的模型，以了解细胞如何解释化学梯度中的空间信息。两种不同交配类型的交配酵母分泌不同的肽信息素，称为α-因子和α-因子，与潜在的伴侣进行交流。信息素的空间梯度被解码以引导移动的极性位点，使得交配伴侣中的极性位点彼此对齐，作为细胞-细胞融合和合子形成的先决条件。在子囊菌中，包括S.在酿酒酵母中，一种信息素是异戊二烯化的（α-因子），而另一种不是（α-因子）。信息素之间的物理性质的差异，结合相关的差异分泌和细胞外信息素代谢的机制，表明信息素可能不同的空间信息，他们传达给潜在的交配伙伴。然而，由于该物种的交配似乎是同配的，因此尚不清楚为什么这种信号差异会是有利的。在这里，我们报告的测定，直接跟踪运动的极性网站在每个合作伙伴作为一种方式来了解每个信息素所传达的空间信息。我们的研究结果表明，这两种信息素传达非常相似的信息。我们推测，不同的信息素是有利的祖先物种与不对称的交配系统，并可能代表一个进化的痕迹酵母交配isogamously。
Cells’ ability to track chemical gradients is integral to many biological phenomena, including fertilization, development, accessing nutrients, and combating infection. Mating of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae provides a tractable model to understand how cells interpret the spatial information in chemical gradients. Mating yeast of the two different mating types secrete distinct peptide pheromones, called a-factor and α-factor, to communicate with potential partners. Spatial gradients of pheromones are decoded to guide mobile polarity sites so that polarity sites in mating partners align towards each other, as a prerequisite for cell-cell fusion and zygote formation. In ascomycetes including S. cerevisiae, one pheromone is prenylated (a-factor) while the other is not (α-factor). The difference in physical properties between the pheromones, combined with associated differences in mechanisms of secretion and extracellular pheromone metabolism, suggested that the pheromones might differ in the spatial information that they convey to potential mating partners. However, as mating appears to be isogamous in this species, it is not clear why any such signaling difference would be advantageous. Here we report assays that directly track movement of the polarity site in each partner as a way to understand the spatial information conveyed by each pheromone. Our findings suggest that both pheromones convey very similar information. We speculate that the different pheromones were advantageous in ancestral species with asymmetric mating systems and may represent an evolutionary vestige in yeasts that mate isogamously.
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