Multiple geographic origins of commensalism and complex dispersal history of Black Rats.
Multiple geographic origins of commensalism and complex dispersal history of Black Rats.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0026357
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Cooper A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aplin KP;Suzuki H;Chinen AA;Chesser RT;Ten Have J;Donnellan SC;Austin J;Frost A;Gonzalez JP;Herbreteau V;Catzeflis F;Soubrier J;Fang YP;Robins J;Matisoo-Smith E;Bastos AD;Maryanto I;Sinaga MH;Denys C;Van Den Bussche RA;Conroy C;Rowe K;Cooper A
黑鼠（Rattusrattus）从亚洲蔓延出去，成为世界上最严重的农业和城市害虫之一，也是许多人畜共患疾病（包括毁灭性鼠疫）的储存库或媒介。尽管其对人类生计和自然生态系统的影响具有全球范围和不可估量的成本，但人们对黑鼠的全球遗传多样性、其历史扩散的时间和方向以及与当代活动相关的风险知之甚少。我们调查了在全球范围内收集的黑鼠的线粒体 DNA，这是获得这一具有重要社会经济意义的啮齿动物群体的历史遗传视角的第一步。我们发现了一种强大的系统地理学模式，原产于南亚、喜马拉雅地区、印度支那南部、印度支那北部到东亚的黑鼠谱系分化良好，并且多样化可能始于中更新世早期。我们还鉴定了另外两种目前公认的鼠属物种，作为并系鼠属的潜在衍生物。 R.rattus 内的四个系统发育谱系单位中的三个显示出史前时期主要种群扩张的清晰遗传特征，并且特定单倍群的分布反映了考古学和历史记录的人类传播和贸易模式。共生现象显然在大鼠中和在相距很远的地理区域中多次出现，这可能解释了其相关病原体中明显的区域性。我们的研究结果代表了朝着更深入地了解黑鼠与人类之间复杂且有影响力的关系迈出的重要一步，并要求对黑鼠之间的宿主-病原体关联进行彻底的重新检查。
The Black Rat (Rattus rattus) spread out of Asia to become one of the world's worst agricultural and urban pests, and a reservoir or vector of numerous zoonotic diseases, including the devastating plague. Despite the global scale and inestimable cost of their impacts on both human livelihoods and natural ecosystems, little is known of the global genetic diversity of Black Rats, the timing and directions of their historical dispersals, and the risks associated with contemporary movements. We surveyed mitochondrial DNA of Black Rats collected across their global range as a first step towards obtaining an historical genetic perspective on this socioeconomically important group of rodents. We found a strong phylogeographic pattern with well-differentiated lineages of Black Rats native to South Asia, the Himalayan region, southern Indochina, and northern Indochina to East Asia, and a diversification that probably commenced in the early Middle Pleistocene. We also identified two other currently recognised species of Rattus as potential derivatives of a paraphyletic R. rattus. Three of the four phylogenetic lineage units within R. rattus show clear genetic signatures of major population expansion in prehistoric times, and the distribution of particular haplogroups mirrors archaeologically and historically documented patterns of human dispersal and trade. Commensalism clearly arose multiple times in R. rattus and in widely separated geographic regions, and this may account for apparent regionalism in their associated pathogens. Our findings represent an important step towards deeper understanding the complex and influential relationship that has developed between Black Rats and humans, and invite a thorough re-examination of host-pathogen associations among Black Rats.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Clement, M;Posada, D;Crandall, KA
通讯作者：
Crandall, KA
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Chinen, AA;Suzuki, H;Suzuki, S
通讯作者：
Suzuki, S
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Drummond AJ;Ho SY;Phillips MJ;Rambaut A
通讯作者：
Rambaut A
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Bastos AD;Nair D;Taylor PJ;Brettschneider H;Kirsten F;Mostert E;von Maltitz E;Lamb JM;van Hooft P;Belmain SR;Contrafatto G;Downs S;Chimimba CT
通讯作者：
Chimimba CT
影响因子：
2
作者：
Badenhorst, D.;Herbreteau, V.;Dobigny, G.
通讯作者：
Dobigny, G.