Rain Amplification of Persistent Organic Pollutants.
Rain Amplification of Persistent Organic Pollutants.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.1c03295
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发表时间：
2021-10-05
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Dachs J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casas G;Martinez-Varela A;Vila-Costa M;Jiménez B;Dachs J
雨水对气相和气溶胶相有机污染物的清除是有机污染物湿法沉积的一种有效机制。然而，尽管雪已被确定为寒冷环境中逃逸的关键放大机制，但雨在放大有机污染物方面受到的关注较少。在这项工作中，我们提供了对南极雨水中全氟烷基物质(PFAS)、有机磷酸酯(OPES)和多环芳烃(PAHs)浓度的新测量，显示出高清除率。此外，还对以前公布的空气和雨水中的浓度进行了荟萃分析，其中46项工作涵盖了不同的气候区域和广泛的化学类别，包括全氟辛烷磺酸、有机苯系物、多环芳烃、多氯联苯和有机氯化合物、多溴二苯醚和二恶英。雨-气溶胶(KRP)和雨-气(KRG)分配常数平均分别为105.5和104.1，但变化较大。KRG的高场导数值与雨滴上的吸附是一致的，这是一种清除机制，此外还有气水吸收。对于所有化学类别来说，雨水沉积对逸度的放大作用高达3个数量级，与降雪造成的放大作用相当。降雨对浓度和逸度的放大强调了它的相关性，解释了不同气候区域环境中有机污染物的发生。雨水清除大气有机污染物的能力很高，可以放大不同气候区域的水生和陆地环境中的浓度。
Scavenging of gas- and aerosol-phase organic pollutants by rain is an efficient wet deposition mechanism of organic pollutants. However, whereas snow has been identified as a key amplification mechanism of fugacities in cold environments, rain has received less attention in terms of amplification of organic pollutants. In this work, we provide new measurements of concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), organophosphate esters (OPEs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rain from Antarctica, showing high scavenging ratios. Furthermore, a meta-analysis of previously published concentrations in air and rain was performed, with 46 works covering different climatic regions and a wide range of chemical classes, including PFAS, OPEs, PAHs, polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine compounds, polybromodiphenyl ethers, and dioxins. The rain–aerosol (KRP) and rain–gas (KRG) partition constants averaged 105.5 and 104.1, respectively, but showed large variability. The high field-derived values of KRG are consistent with adsorption onto the raindrops as a scavenging mechanism, in addition to gas–water absorption. The amplification of fugacities by rain deposition was up to 3 orders of magnitude for all chemical classes and was comparable to that due to snow. The amplification of concentrations and fugacities by rain underscores its relevance, explaining the occurrence of organic pollutants in environments across different climatic regions. Rain scavenging of atmospheric organic pollutants has a high capacity to amplify concentrations in aquatic and terrestrial environments across climatic regions.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Backe, C;Larsson, P;Agrell, C
通讯作者：
Agrell, C
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作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Dachs, Jordi
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
BIDLEMAN, TF
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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