Food Sources and Dietary Quality in Small Island Developing States: Development of Methods and Policy Relevant Novel Survey Data from the Pacific and Caribbean.
Food Sources and Dietary Quality in Small Island Developing States: Development of Methods and Policy Relevant Novel Survey Data from the Pacific and Caribbean.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu12113350
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发表时间：
2020-10-30
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
On Behalf Of The Community Food And Health CFaH Team
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haynes E;Bhagtani D;Iese V;Brown CR;Fesaitu J;Hambleton I;Badrie N;Kroll F;Guell C;Brugulat-Panes A;Saint Ville A;Benjamin-Neelon SE;Foley L;Samuels TA;Wairiu M;Forouhi NG;Unwin N;On Behalf Of The Community Food And Health CFaH Team
小岛屿发展中国家与饮食有关的疾病发病率很高，而且还在不断增加。这种情况与丧失粮食主权和日益依赖营养不良的粮食进口有关。因此，一项政策目标是通过改善当地营养食品的生产来改善当地饮食。我们在这项研究中的目的是制定方法，并收集有关斐济和圣文森特和格林纳丁斯（SVG）人们的食物来源，社会人口特征和饮食质量之间关系的初步数据，以便为实现这一政策目标的进一步工作提供信息。我们开发了一套收集个人层面数据的方法，包括饮食摄入量、食物来源、社会人口和健康指标。年龄≥15岁的受试者有资格参加研究。从有目的的抽样城市和农村地区，我们招募了186人从95个家庭在斐济，147人从86个家庭在SVG。描述性统计和多元线性回归被用来调查协会。斐济和圣文森特和格林纳丁斯的平均饮食多样性评分分别为3.7（SD1.4）和3.8（SD1.5）（满分为10分）。在这两种情况下，采购都是最常见的食品采购方式。然而，68%（斐济）和45%（圣文森特和格林纳丁斯）的参与者定期（>每周）食用自己的农产品，5%（斐济）和33%（圣文森特和格林纳丁斯）定期食用借来/交换/易货的食物。在回归模型中，与饮食多样性（DD）的独立正相关性为：借用/交换/易货食物（β = 0.73（0.21，1.25））;年龄（0.01（0.00，0.03））;和大于小学教育（0.44（0.06，0.82））。DD与小商店购买（-0.52（95% CI-0.91，-0.12））和农村居住（-0.46（-0.92，0.00））呈负相关。研究结果强调了饮食多样性与食物来源之间的联系，并指出了进一步研究的途径，以指导旨在改善当地粮食生产和饮食的政策行动。
Small Island Developing States (SIDS) have high and increasing rates of diet-related diseases. This situation is associated with a loss of food sovereignty and an increasing reliance on nutritionally poor food imports. A policy goal, therefore, is to improve local diets through improved local production of nutritious foods. Our aim in this study was to develop methods and collect preliminary data on the relationships between where people source their food, their socio-demographic characteristics and dietary quality in Fiji and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG) in order to inform further work towards this policy goal. We developed a toolkit of methods to collect individual-level data, including measures of dietary intake, food sources, socio-demographic and health indicators. Individuals aged ≥15 years were eligible to participate. From purposively sampled urban and rural areas, we recruited 186 individuals from 95 households in Fiji, and 147 individuals from 86 households in SVG. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were used to investigate associations. The mean dietary diversity score, out of 10, was 3.7 (SD1.4) in Fiji and 3.8 (SD1.5) in SVG. In both settings, purchasing was the most common way of sourcing food. However, 68% (Fiji) and 45% (SVG) of participants regularly (>weekly) consumed their own produce, and 5% (Fiji) and 33% (SVG) regularly consumed borrowed/exchanged/bartered food. In regression models, independent positive associations with dietary diversity (DD) were: borrowing/exchanging/bartering food (β = 0.73 (0.21, 1.25)); age (0.01 (0.00, 0.03)); and greater than primary education (0.44 (0.06, 0.82)). DD was negatively associated with small shop purchasing (−0.52 (95% CIs −0.91, −0.12)) and rural residence (−0.46 (−0.92, 0.00)). The findings highlight associations between dietary diversity and food sources and indicate avenues for further research to inform policy actions aimed at improving local food production and diet.
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