How theoretical is your (historical) syntax? Towards a typology of Verb-Third in Early Old High German

How theoretical is your (historical) syntax? Towards a typology of Verb-Third in Early Old High German
复制标题

您的(历史)语法的理论性如何?

DOI:
10.1007/s10828-021-09123-7
复制
发表时间:
2021
期刊:
The Journal of Comparative Germanic Linguistics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Nicholas
Nicholas
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Catasso;Nicholas

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动词-第三(V3)结构,即在前场中显示多个成分的根子句,在整个德语历史上都得到了证明。在这篇文章中,我讨论了古高德语早期(EOHG,8-9世纪)对这一结构的研究中的一些方法论问题。在这个语言阶段,矩阵从句的线性句法结构非常不稳定,这主要是由于V2/动词末尾的区别还没有完全系统化,以及主句中有相当数量的外插,这使得在现有语篇中检测这个结构特别具有挑战性。此外,这一时期现存的大量可靠的散文资料很少。为了获得EOHG中危险现象分布的真实图景,因此有必要通过动词移动的诊断测试来评估数据,并且只考虑动词明确位于C且动词前区域有多个(中心语或非中心语)成分的情况。我将展示:(1)一些在相关文献中通常被认为是V3类别的好的候选模式从未在诊断数据集中得到证实;(2)由五个不相关的和三个相关的诊断V3结构组成的类型学可以基于基于可复制方法的方法来识别;(3)这些模式中的一些具有历史连续性;(4)非散文文本不足以进行句法研究。
Verb-Third (V3) constructions, i.e. root clauses displaying more than one element in their prefield, have been attested throughout the history of German. In this paper, I discuss some methodological issues related to the investigation of this structure in Early Old High German (EOHG, eighth to ninth century). In this language stage, the linear syntax of matrix clauses is very unstable—mainly due to the not-yet complete systematization of the V2/verb-final distinction and to the considerable amount of extraposition in main clauses—which makes the detection of this construction in the available texts particularly challenging. Moreover, little substantial and reliable prose data are extant for this period. In order to get a realistic picture of the distribution of the phenomenon at stake in EOHG, it is therefore necessary to evaluate the data by means of diagnostic tests for verb movement and only consider those cases in which the verb is unambiguously located in C and the preverbal area hosts multiple (head or non-head) elements. I will show that: (1) some of the patterns that are usually assumed to be good candidates for the category of V3 in the relevant literature are never attested in the diagnostic dataset; (2) a typology consisting of five non-correlative and three correlative diagnostic V3 constructions can be identified on the basis of an approach based on replicable methods; (3) some of these patterns display historical continuity; (4) non-prose texts are inadequate for syntactic investigations.
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