Children’s and Adults’ Attribution of Moral Judgments to Human and Supernatural Agents
Children’s and Adults’ Attribution of Moral Judgments to Human and Supernatural Agents
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儿童和成人对人类和超自然因素的道德判断的归因
DOI：
10.1080/15248372.2022.2061975
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Larisa Heiphetz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayse Payir;Larisa Heiphetz
摘要成年人通常认为故意伤害比意外伤害更糟糕。我们探索了这种模式的发展轨迹，并询问美国儿童(4至7岁)和成年人是否希望其他代理人-包括另一个人和上帝-分享他们的观点。与之前的一些研究不同，即使是本研究中年龄最小的儿童，在做出道德判断时也会考虑意图。尽管孩子们在表明他们将如何严厉惩罚故意和意外违规者时，并没有区分不同的代理人，但成年人报告说，上帝会比他们自己或其他人惩罚得更轻。此外，儿童和成年人在评估代理人对违法者的反应时存在差异：成年人和年龄较大的儿童比年龄较小的儿童更有可能将精神和宗教反应归因于上帝。这些发现表明，即使是幼儿的道德判断也对有关意图的信息很敏感，但随着年龄的增长，区分他人对意图的关注和自己的倾向的倾向逐渐显现出来。
ABSTRACT Adults commonly conceptualize intentional harms as worse than accidental harms. We probed the developmental trajectory of this pattern and asked whether U.S. children (4 – to 7-year-olds) and adults expected other agents – including another person and God – to share their views. In contrast with some prior work, even the youngest children in the present study considered intent when making moral judgments. Although children did not distinguish among the agents when indicating how severely they would punish intentional and accidental transgressors, adults reported that God would punish less severely than would they themselves or another person. Furthermore, children and adults differed in their evaluation of how the agents would react to the transgressors: Adults and older children were more likely than younger children to attribute spiritual and religious reactions to God. These findings suggest that even young children’s moral judgments are sensitive to information about intent but that the propensity to distinguish others’ focus on intent from one’s own emerges more gradually across age.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Lane JD;Wellman HM;Evans EM
通讯作者：
Evans EM
DOI：
10.1016/s0065-2407(09)03703-3
发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR VOL 37
影响因子：
--
作者：
Heyman, Gail D.
通讯作者：
Heyman, Gail D.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Meltzoff, Andrew N.
通讯作者：
Meltzoff, Andrew N.