The Bacterial Cell Wall: From Lipid II Flipping to Polymerization.
The Bacterial Cell Wall: From Lipid II Flipping to Polymerization.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00773
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发表时间：
2022-05-11
期刊：
影响因子：
62.1
通讯作者：
Ruiz, Natividad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumar, Sujeet;Mollo, Aurelio;Kahne, Daniel;Ruiz, Natividad
肽聚糖(PG)细胞壁是一种胞质外糖肽聚合结构，它保护细菌免受渗透溶解，并决定细胞的形状。由于细胞壁包围着细胞膜，细菌在细胞伸长和分裂过程中必须向PG基质中添加新的物质。PG生物发生的脂质连接前体Lipid II是在细胞膜的内叶中合成的，随后跨双层转移，使PG构建块可以通过复杂的多蛋白机器进行聚合和交联。这篇综述主要集中在过去十年中显著改变了我们对PG生物发生的理解的重大发现。特别是，我们重点介绍了在理解Murj Flippase将Lipid II转移到细胞膜上所取得的进展，以及最近发现的一类新的PG聚合酶，SEDS(形状、伸长、分裂和孢子形成)糖基转移酶RodA和FtsW。由于PG生物发生是抗生素的有效靶点，这些最新的发展可能导致发现急需的新类别的抗生素来对抗细菌耐药性。
The peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall is an extracytoplasmic glycopeptide polymeric structure that protects bacteria from osmotic lysis and determines cellular shape. Since the cell wall surrounds the cytoplasmic membrane, bacteria must add new material to the PG matrix during cell elongation and division. The lipid-linked precursor for PG biogenesis, Lipid II, is synthesized in the inner leaflet of the cytoplasmic membrane and subsequently translocated across the bilayer so that the PG building block can be polymerized and crosslinked by complex multiprotein machines. This review focuses on major discoveries that have significantly changed our understanding of PG biogenesis in the last decade. Particularly, we highlight progress made towards understanding the translocation of Lipid II across the cytoplasmic membrane by the MurJ flippase, as well as the recent discovery of a novel class of PG polymerases, the SEDS (shape, elongation, division and sporulation) glycosyltransferases RodA and FtsW. Since PG biogenesis is an effective target of antibiotics, these recent developments may lead to the discovery of much-needed new classes of antibiotics to fight bacterial resistance.
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影响因子：
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发表时间：
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