The political consequences of changes in district magnitude

The political consequences of changes in district magnitude
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地区规模变化的政治后果

DOI:
10.1057/s41269-016-0022-0
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
1.2
通讯作者:
Philipp Harfst
Philipp Harfst
中科院分区:
法学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Philipp Harfst

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传统的政治学智慧认为,选举制度具有政治后果。为了系统地研究这些后果,我们集中在中欧和东欧民主国家的选举改革的影响。通过分析选举制度变化对政党制度和政治稳定性的影响,我们采用了一种准实验方法,隔离一个单一的治疗-选举法的变化-并控制所有其他变量。沿着经典选举研究的路线,我们认为,更宽松的规则的引入将导致增加选举和立法的碎片化和减少不确定性,而更严格的规则将产生相反的效果。这篇文章对选举研究领域的辩论的真正贡献是引入了一个动态的视角。一旦我们明确区分选举制度的机械和心理后果,并同时分析它们,我们就可以对这些影响的时间模式提出不同的假设,并对选举规则随时间变化的影响提出假设。虽然机械效应立即开始并迅速消失,但基于学习过程和战略协调的心理效应会随着时间的推移而发展。
It is conventional political science wisdom that electoral systems have political consequences. In order to systematically examine these consequences, we focus on the effects of electoral reforms in Central and Eastern European democracies. By analysing the consequences of electoral system changes for party systems and disproportionality, we make use of a quasi-experimental approach by isolating a single treatment – the electoral law change – and controlling for all other variables. Along the lines of classical electoral research, we argue that the introduction of more permissive rules will result in an increase of electoral and legislative fragmentation and a reduction of disproportionality while more restrictive rules will have the opposite effects. The article’s genuine contribution to the debate in the field of electoral research is the introduction of a dynamic perspective. Once we clearly distinguish between mechanical and psychological consequences of electoral systems and analyse them simultaneously, we can develop different hypotheses on the temporal patterning of these effects and hypothesise on the variations of electoral rule change effects over time. While mechanical effects set in immediately and quickly wear off, psychological effects, which are based on learning processes and strategic coordination, develop over time.
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