The paraspecific neutralisation of snake venom induced coagulopathy by antivenoms.
The paraspecific neutralisation of snake venom induced coagulopathy by antivenoms.
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DOI：
10.1038/s42003-018-0039-1
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Casewell NR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ainsworth S;Slagboom J;Alomran N;Pla D;Alhamdi Y;King SI;Bolton FMS;Gutiérrez JM;Vonk FJ;Toh CH;Calvete JJ;Kool J;Harrison RA;Casewell NR
蛇的毒液会导致几种潜在的致命疾病。具体的病理学取决于毒液的毒素组成，其因物种、地理和个体发育而异。这种变异严重限制了用于治疗蛇咬伤受害者的抗蛇毒血清的副特异性功效。为了设计病理学特异性蛇咬伤治疗方法，我们评估了57种蛇毒的促凝血活性，并调查了各种抗蛇毒血清的疗效。我们发现，促凝血毒液的凝血级联的关键步骤上的差异，某些单特异性抗蛇毒血清的工作在以前未被认可的paraspecific方式，以中和这种活动，尽管传统的假设同源物限制的疗效。此外，我们证明，金属螯合剂EDTA也能够中和毒液诱导的致死性在体内。这项研究说明了开发新的，广谱的，毒素靶向抗蛇毒血清能够治疗关键蛇咬伤病理的令人兴奋的潜力，并主张彻底重新检查酶抑制化合物作为治疗蛇咬伤受害者的替代疗法。StuartAinsworth及其同事描述了蛇毒的凝血活性，并证明某些单特异性抗蛇毒血清可以中和来自一个以上物种的促凝血毒液。这项研究表明，有可能开发广谱，毒素靶向抗蛇毒血清治疗蛇咬伤的受害者。
Snake envenoming causes several potentially lethal pathologies. The specific pathology is dictated by the toxin composition of venom, which varies by species, geography and ontogeny. This variation severely restricts the paraspecific efficacy of antivenoms used to treat snakebite victims. With a view to devising pathology-specific snakebite treatments, we assessed the procoagulant activity of 57 snake venoms and investigated the efficacy of various antivenoms. We find that procoagulant venoms act differentially on key steps of the coagulation cascade, and that certain monospecific antivenoms work in a previously unrecognised paraspecific manner to neutralise this activity, despite conventional assumptions of congener-restricted efficacy. Moreover, we demonstrate that the metal chelator EDTA is also capable of neutralising venom-induced lethality in vivo. This study illustrates the exciting potential of developing new, broad-spectrum, toxin-targeting antivenoms capable of treating key snakebite pathologies, and advocates a thorough re-examination of enzyme inhibiting compounds as alternative therapies for treating snakebite victims. Stuart Ainsworth and colleagues characterized the coagulopathic activity of snake venom and demonstrated that certain monospecific antivenoms can neutralize procoagulant venoms from more than one species. This study suggests a possibility of developing broad-spectrum, toxin-targeting antivenoms to treat snakebite victims.
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
LAING, GD;THEAKSTON, RDG;WARRELL, DA
通讯作者：
WARRELL, DA
影响因子：
15.8
作者：
Kasturiratne A;Wickremasinghe AR;de Silva N;Gunawardena NK;Pathmeswaran A;Premaratna R;Savioli L;Lalloo DG;de Silva HJ
通讯作者：
de Silva HJ
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Dowell, Noah L.;Giorgianni, Matt W.;Kassner, Victoria A.;Selegue, Jane E.;Sanchez, Elda E.;Carroll, Sean B.
通讯作者：
Carroll, Sean B.
影响因子：
7.5
作者：
KORNALIK, F;BLOMBACK, B
通讯作者：
BLOMBACK, B
影响因子：
20.3
作者：
Chandler, WL;Velan, T
通讯作者：
Velan, T