Translation role of circRNAs in cancers.
Translation role of circRNAs in cancers.
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DOI：
10.1002/jcla.23866
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Shen Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lu Y;Li Z;Lin C;Zhang J;Shen Z
环状RNA（circRNA）是一类共价闭合的RNA分子。随着高通量测序技术和生物信息学工具的不断进步，许多circRNA已在各种人类组织和细胞系中被鉴定。值得注意的是，最近的研究表明，一些circRNA具有翻译功能。内部核糖体进入位点和N6-甲基腺苷修饰介导帽非依赖性翻译。本文综述了这两种翻译机制及其在分子水平上的验证方法。利用ORF库、Pfam库、BLASTp库、CircRNADb库、CircBase库、CircPro库、CircCode库、IRESite库、IRESbase库分析circRNA是否具有翻译结构特征。含有绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）的CircRNA小基因报告系统证实了circRNA的翻译潜力。此外，我们简要总结了迄今为止已在人类癌症（三阴性乳腺癌、结肠癌、胃癌、肝细胞癌、膀胱癌、胶质母细胞瘤）中验证的circRNA（circFBXW 7、circFNDC 3B、circLgr 4、circPPP 1 R12 A、circMAPK 1、circβ-连环蛋白、circGprc 5a、circ-SHPRH、circPINTexon 2、circAKT 3）编码的蛋白质/肽的作用。这些发现表明circRNA在人类基因组的翻译中具有重要意义。由IRES（例如，胶质母细胞瘤中的circFBXW 7）和5′-UTR中的m6 A修饰启动的帽非依赖性翻译机制。USP 28，泛素特异性肽酶28; YTHDC 1，含YTH结构域1;瘤L3，甲基转移酶样3;瘤L14，甲基转移酶样14; YTHDF 1，YTH结构域家族蛋白1; YTHDF 3，YTH结构域家族蛋白3; m6 A，N6-甲基腺苷; eIF 4G 2，真核翻译起始因子4 γ 2; IRES，内部核糖体进入位点;和UTR，非翻译区。
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a class of covalently closed RNA molecules. With the continuous advancement of high‐throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics tools, many circRNAs have been identified in various human tissues and cell lines. Notably, recent studies have indicated that some circRNAs have translational functions. Internal ribosome entry sites and the N6‐methyladenosine modification mediate cap‐independent translation. This review describes these two translation mechanisms and verification methods at the molecular level. Databases (including ORF Finder, Pfam, BLASTp, CircRNADb, CircBase, CircPro, CircCode, IRESite, IRESbase) were used to analyze whether circRNAs have the structural characteristic of translation. CircRNA minigene reporter system containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) confirmed the translation potential of circRNAs. Also, we briefly summarize the roles of proteins/peptides encoded by circRNAs (circFBXW7, circFNDC3B, circLgr4, circPPP1R12A, circMAPK1, circβ‐catenin, circGprc5a, circ‐SHPRH, circPINTexon2, circAKT3) that have been verified thus far in human cancers (triple‐negative breast cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, bladder cancer, glioblastoma). Those findings suggest circRNAs have a great implication in translation of the human genome. Mechanism of cap‐independent translation initiated by IRES (eg, circFBXW7 in glioblastoma) and by m6A modification in the 5′‐UTR. USP28, ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 28; YTHDC1, YTH domain‐containing 1; METTL3, methyltransferase‐like 3; METTL14, methyltransferase‐like 14; YTHDF1, YTH domain family protein 1; YTHDF3, YTH domain family protein 3; m6A, N6‐methyladenosine; eIF4G2, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 2; IRES, internal ribosome entry site; and UTR, untranslated region.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
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Finn RD;Mistry J;Tate J;Coggill P;Heger A;Pollington JE;Gavin OL;Gunasekaran P;Ceric G;Forslund K;Holm L;Sonnhammer EL;Eddy SR;Bateman A
通讯作者：
Bateman A