Perception of passage through openings depends on the size of the body in motion.
Perception of passage through openings depends on the size of the body in motion.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-012-3261-y
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发表时间：
2012-11
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Adolph KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Franchak JM;Celano EC;Adolph KE
步行者需要修改他们正在进行的行动，以满足日常环境的要求。如果开口的尺寸相对于身体太小，则通过开口导航需要步态修改。在这里，我们问导航水平和垂直开口的空间要求是否不同，如果是这样，步行者是否对这些要求敏感。为了测试步行者对步态调整需求的敏感性，我们要求参与者判断他们是否可以在不旋转肩部的情况下通过水平开口，以及在不躲避的情况下通过垂直开口。之后，参与者穿过开口，以便我们可以确定哪些开口尺寸引起步态改变。参与者在肩膀上转动的空间比他们留给自己的躲避空间要大。用于水平开口的较大缓冲器可以反映与垂直弹跳相比由行走期间身体的横向摇摆产生的不同空间要求。此外，与躲避相比，从一次试验到另一次试验的转向变化更大，这可能会导致步行者采用更保守的缓冲区来避免错误。口头判断准确地预测开口是否需要步态修改。对于水平开口，参与者的判断最好由身体的动态能力来预测，而不是静态肩宽。水平开口和垂直开口之间的差异说明，步行者除了对身体尺寸进行缩放决策之外，还考虑了步行的动态特性。
Walkers need to modify their ongoing actions to meet the demands of everyday environments. Navigating through openings requires gait modifications if the size of the opening is too small relative to the body. Here we ask if the spatial requirements for navigating horizontal and vertical openings differ, and, if so, whether walkers are sensitive to those requirements. To test walkers’ sensitivity to demands for gait modification, we asked participants to judge whether they could walk through horizontal openings without shoulder rotation and through vertical openings without ducking. Afterward, participants walked through the openings so that we could determine which opening sizes elicited gait modifications. Participants turned their shoulders with more space available than the space they left themselves for ducking. Larger buffers for horizontal openings may reflect different spatial requirements created by lateral sway of the body during walking compared to vertical bounce. In addition, greater variability of turning from trial to trial compared with ducking may lead walkers to adopt a more conservative buffer to avoid errors. Verbal judgments accurately predicted whether openings required gait modifications. For horizontal openings, participants’ judgments were best predicted by the body’s dynamic abilities, not static shoulder width. The differences between horizontal and vertical openings illustrate that walkers account for the dynamic properties of walking in addition to scaling decisions to body dimensions.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
Higuchi, Takahiro;Cinelli, Michael E.;Patla, Aftab E.
通讯作者：
Patla, Aftab E.
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Fath AJ;Fajen BR
通讯作者：
Fajen BR
DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.22.4.879
发表时间：
1996-08-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Oudejans, RRD;Michaels, CF;Dolne, MA
通讯作者：
Dolne, MA
DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.10.5.683
发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
WARREN, WH
通讯作者：
WARREN, WH
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
WATERS, RL;MORRIS, J;PERRY, J
通讯作者：
PERRY, J