A positioned +1 nucleosome enhances promoter-proximal pausing.

A positioned +1 nucleosome enhances promoter-proximal pausing.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkv149
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发表时间:
2015-03-31
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Reyes JC
Reyes JC
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jimeno-González S;Ceballos-Chávez M;Reyes JC

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染色质沿人类基因组的分布是不均匀的沿着。在大多数基因中,有一个启动子相关的核小体自由区(NFR),随后是一系列核小体,朝向基因体,其中第一个(+1)核小体强烈定位。这种特征性的染色质分布在转录中的功能还没有完全了解。在这里,我们在体内显示,+1核小体在调节RNA聚合酶II(RNAPII)启动子近端暂停中发挥作用。当+1核小体被强定位时,延伸RNAPII有在启动子近端区域停滞的趋势,募集更多的负延伸因子(NELF)并产生更少的mRNA。核小体诱导的暂停有利于前mRNA的质量控制,通过促进添加帽的新生RNA。此外,在不存在定位核小体的情况下产生的脱帽RNA被5′-3′核酸外切酶XRN 2降解。有趣的是,降低染色质重塑因子ISWI因子SNF 2 H的水平降低+1核小体定位并增加RNAPII暂停释放。这项工作证明了+1核小体在转录延伸、前mRNA加工和基因表达中的调节功能。
Chromatin distribution is not uniform along the human genome. In most genes there is a promoter-associated nucleosome free region (NFR) followed by an array of nucleosomes towards the gene body in which the first (+1) nucleosome is strongly positioned. The function of this characteristic chromatin distribution in transcription is not fully understood. Here we show in vivo that the +1 nucleosome plays a role in modulating RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) promoter-proximal pausing. When a +1 nucleosome is strongly positioned, elongating RNAPII has a tendency to stall at the promoter-proximal region, recruits more negative elongation factor (NELF) and produces less mRNA. The nucleosome-induced pause favors pre-mRNA quality control by promoting the addition of the cap to the nascent RNA. Moreover, the uncapped RNAs produced in the absence of a positioned nucleosome are degraded by the 5′-3′ exonuclease XRN2. Interestingly, reducing the levels of the chromatin remodeler ISWI factor SNF2H decreases +1 nucleosome positioning and increases RNAPII pause release. This work demonstrates a function for +1 nucleosome in regulation of transcription elongation, pre-mRNA processing and gene expression.
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