A tale of two risks: smoking, diabetes and the subgingival microbiome.
A tale of two risks: smoking, diabetes and the subgingival microbiome.
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两个风险的故事：吸烟、糖尿病和龈下微生物群。
DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2017.73
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发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kumar PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ganesan SM;Joshi V;Fellows M;Dabdoub SM;Nagaraja HN;O'Donnell B;Deshpande NR;Kumar PS
虽然吸烟和糖尿病已被确定为牙周炎的仅有两个危险因素，但它们对牙周微生物组的单独和协同影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究分析了来自175名非吸烟血糖正常个体（对照）、吸烟者、糖尿病患者和糖尿病吸烟者牙周炎以及牙周健康对照、吸烟者和糖尿病患者的270万个16 S序列，以评估龈下细菌生物多样性和共存模式。牙周健康吸烟者的微生物特征，而不是糖尿病患者，与他们各自队列的疾病相关微生物组高度一致。糖尿病患者以梭杆菌属、细小单胞菌属、消化链球菌属、双生菌属、链球菌属、纤毛菌属、Filifactor、韦荣氏球菌属、TM 7和土嗜血杆菌属的菌种为主。这些微生物群基于HbA 1c水平表现出显著的聚类（糖尿病前期（<6.5%）、糖尿病（6.5-9.9%）、糖尿病患者>10%）。患有牙周炎的吸烟者证明了由厌氧菌主导的强大的核心微生物组（至少80%的个体中鉴定出的物种），个体间差异主要归因于“稀有生物圈”。糖尿病患者和糖尿病吸烟者，另一方面，微生物异质性和丰富的兼性物种。在吸烟者中，微生物共现网络稀疏且主要是同源的，而在糖尿病患者和糖尿病吸烟者中观察到强大的属间网络。吸烟和高血糖症以不同的方式影响龈下微生物组，当这些干扰交叉时，它们的协同效应大于单独的每种效应的总和。因此，这项研究强调了早期干预策略在维持高危人群健康相容性微生物群方面的重要性，以及根据环境扰动个性化这些干预措施的必要性。
Although smoking and diabetes have been established as the only two risk factors for periodontitis, their individual and synergistic impacts on the periodontal microbiome are not well studied. The present investigation analyzed 2.7 million 16S sequences from 175 non-smoking normoglycemic individuals (controls), smokers, diabetics and diabetic smokers with periodontitis as well as periodontally healthy controls, smokers and diabetics to assess subgingival bacterial biodiversity and co-occurrence patterns. The microbial signatures of periodontally healthy smokers, but not diabetics, were highly aligned with the disease-associated microbiomes of their respective cohorts. Diabetics were dominated by species belonging to Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, Gemella, Streptococcus, Leptotrichia, Filifactor, Veillonella, TM7 and Terrahemophilus. These microbiomes exhibited significant clustering based on HbA1c levels (pre-diabetic (<6.5%), diabetic (6.5–9.9%), diabetics >10%). Smokers with periodontitis evidenced a robust core microbiome (species identified in at least 80% of individuals) dominated by anaerobes, with inter-individual differences attributable largely to the ‘rare biosphere’. Diabetics and diabetic smokers, on the other hand, were microbially heterogeneous and enriched for facultative species. In smokers, microbial co-occurrence networks were sparse and predominantly congeneric, while robust inter-generic networks were observed in diabetics and diabetic smokers. Smoking and hyperglycemia impact the subgingival microbiome in distinct ways, and when these perturbations intersect, their synergistic effect is greater than what would be expected from the sum of each effect separately. Thus, this study underscores the importance of early intervention strategies in maintaining health-compatible microbiomes in high-risk individuals, as well as the need to personalize these interventions based on the environmental perturbation.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Gill SK;Hui K;Farne H;Garnett JP;Baines DL;Moore LS;Holmes AH;Filloux A;Tregoning JS
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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