From the Past to the Future: Considering the Value and Limits of Evolutionary Prediction*

From the Past to the Future: Considering the Value and Limits of Evolutionary Prediction*
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从过去到未来:考虑进化预测的价值和局限性*

DOI:
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
R. Shaw
R. Shaw
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
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作者:
R. Shaw

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复杂的相互作用的多个遗传过程的进化和生态环境中,他们进行挫败的详细识别的许多国家的人口,过去和未来,可能是有意义的。然而,从平均适应度变化的意义上预测未来的适应率,将有价值地为种群的持续性预期提供信息,特别是在我们这个环境迅速变化的时代。对基因组学和其他分子工具的大量投资使人们相信,这些方法可以有效地预测未来的适应。我不同意这种观点。基因组扫描显示了自然选择和其他进化过程对过去几代人的影响的基因组足迹,但通过基因组方法预测未来平均适应度的变化仍然存在问题。在这里,我主张采用直接的方法来预测正在进行的适应率。在概述了相关的定量遗传方法之后,我概述了自然选择基本定理对适应过程研究的承诺。这一概念的实证实施可以有效地指导深化对适应进程的科学认识的努力,并为面对迅速的环境变化保护生物群的措施提供信息。
The complex interplay of the multiple genetic processes of evolution and the ecological contexts in which they proceed frustrates detailed identification of many of the states of populations, both past and future, that may be of interest. Prediction of rates of adaptation, in the sense of change in mean fitness, into the future would, however, valuably inform expectations for persistence of populations, especially in our era of rapid environmental change. Heavy investment in genomics and other molecular tools has fueled belief that those approaches can effectively predict adaptation into the future. I contest this view. Genome scans display the genomic footprints of the effects of natural selection and the other evolutionary processes over past generations, but it remains problematic to predict future change in mean fitness via genomic approaches. Here, I advocate for a direct approach to prediction of rates of ongoing adaptation. Following an overview of relevant quantitative genetic approaches, I outline the promise of the fundamental theorem of natural selection for the study of the adaptive process. Empirical implementation of this concept can productively guide efforts both to deepen scientific insight into the process of adaptation and to inform measures for conserving the biota in the face of rapid environmental change.
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