Morphological evolution of the mammalian jaw adductor complex.
Morphological evolution of the mammalian jaw adductor complex.
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DOI：
10.1111/brv.12314
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发表时间：
2017-11
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rayfield EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lautenschlager S;Gill P;Luo ZX;Fagan MJ;Rayfield EJ
在从非哺乳类突触体到冠哺乳类的转变过程中，哺乳动物颌骨的进化是脊椎动物历史上的一个关键事件，其特征是其个体骨骼逐渐减少为单一元素，颌骨关节随之发生转变并合并到中耳复合体中。这种骨骼学上的转变伴随着颌内收肌肌肉组织的重排和改变，这被认为是与近形突触条件相比，允许更有效的咀嚼系统的进化。虽然与这种转变有关的骨骼学特征在化石记录中有很好的记载，但在犬齿兽-犬齿兽转变期间，各个内收肌肌肉的确切排列和修改已经争论了近世纪。我们回顾了现有的知识的哺乳动物颌内收肌复合体的肌肉骨骼的进化和评估以前的假设，根据最近记录的化石，代表现有物种的新标本，这是至关重要的哺乳动物起源的辩论。通过采用计算机断层扫描（CT）和数字重建技术来创建一些代表性的非哺乳动物犬齿兽和形类的颌内收肌肌肉组织的三维模型，我们提供了哺乳动物颌肌肉进化的最新观点。作为一个新兴的共识，目前的证据表明，下颌内收肌肌肉组织的哺乳动物样分裂（分为肌肉的深层和浅层成分）。咬肌肌颞肌和肌在Eucynodontia完成。颌内收肌肌肉组织的排列方式与哺乳动物相似，肌肉的长度与长度相似。翼肌组在基型哺乳类动物中完成了对牙本质的插入，这与摩根鳄的肌肉重建有关。因此，颌内收肌肌肉组织从祖先（“爬行动物”）到哺乳动物状态的转变必须先于哺乳动物的出现和哺乳动物颌关节的完全形成。这表明颌内收肌系统的改变对颌关节的功能形态和生物力学稳定性起着关键作用。
The evolution of the mammalian jaw during the transition from non‐mammalian synapsids to crown mammals is a key event in vertebrate history and characterised by the gradual reduction of its individual bones into a single element and the concomitant transformation of the jaw joint and its incorporation into the middle ear complex. This osteological transformation is accompanied by a rearrangement and modification of the jaw adductor musculature, which is thought to have allowed the evolution of a more‐efficient masticatory system in comparison to the plesiomorphic synapsid condition. While osteological characters relating to this transition are well documented in the fossil record, the exact arrangement and modifications of the individual adductor muscles during the cynodont–mammaliaform transition have been debated for nearly a century. We review the existing knowledge about the musculoskeletal evolution of the mammalian jaw adductor complex and evaluate previous hypotheses in the light of recently documented fossils that represent new specimens of existing species, which are of central importance to the mammalian origins debate. By employing computed tomography (CT) and digital reconstruction techniques to create three‐dimensional models of the jaw adductor musculature in a number of representative non‐mammalian cynodonts and mammaliaforms, we provide an updated perspective on mammalian jaw muscle evolution. As an emerging consensus, current evidence suggests that the mammal‐like division of the jaw adductor musculature (into deep and superficial components of the m. masseter, the m. temporalis and the m. pterygoideus) was completed in Eucynodontia. The arrangement of the jaw adductor musculature in a mammalian fashion, with the m. pterygoideus group inserting on the dentary was completed in basal Mammaliaformes as suggested by the muscle reconstruction of Morganucodon oehleri. Consequently, transformation of the jaw adductor musculature from the ancestral (‘reptilian’) to the mammalian condition must have preceded the emergence of Mammalia and the full formation of the mammalian jaw joint. This suggests that the modification of the jaw adductor system played a pivotal role in the functional morphology and biomechanical stability of the jaw joint.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
DEMAR, R;BARGHUSEN, HR
通讯作者：
BARGHUSEN, HR
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
ALLIN, EF
通讯作者：
ALLIN, EF
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.04.016
发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
3
作者：
Botha, J;Lee-Thorp, J;Chinsamy, A
通讯作者：
Chinsamy, A
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
CROMPTON, AW
通讯作者：
CROMPTON, AW
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Curtis, Neil;Jones, Marc E. H.;Fagan, Michael J.
通讯作者：
Fagan, Michael J.