Environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity: potential public health concerns.
Environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity: potential public health concerns.
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DOI：
10.1080/10408444.2016.1175417
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Gant TW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marczylo EL;Jacobs MN;Gant TW
在我们的一生中，表观遗传过程塑造了我们的发展，使我们能够适应不断变化的环境。识别和理解可能导致不良后果的环境引起的表观遗传变化对于保护公众健康至关重要。因此，本次审查，探讨目前的理解，在哺乳动物的生命周期中所涉及的表观遗传机制，评估目前的证据，环境诱导的表观遗传毒性在人类队列和啮齿动物模型，并强调了研究的考虑因素和影响，这一新兴的知识，公共卫生和毒理学监管。数百项研究调查了这种毒性，但相对较少的研究表明，在人类流行病学队列和/或啮齿动物模型中，特定环境暴露、表观遗传变化和不良健康后果之间存在机械关联。虽然这一小部分证据主要由探索性体内高剂量范围研究组成，但它确实为环境诱导的表观遗传毒性的存在开创了先例。因此，全世界都认识到这一现象，并讨论了如何指导进一步的科学研究，以更好地了解环境引起的人类表观遗传毒性，并将相关研究成果转化为适当的监管政策，以有效保护公众健康。
Throughout our lives, epigenetic processes shape our development and enable us to adapt to a constantly changing environment. Identifying and understanding environmentally induced epigenetic change(s) that may lead to adverse outcomes is vital for protecting public health. This review, therefore, examines the present understanding of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the mammalian life cycle, evaluates the current evidence for environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity in human cohorts and rodent models and highlights the research considerations and implications of this emerging knowledge for public health and regulatory toxicology. Many hundreds of studies have investigated such toxicity, yet relatively few have demonstrated a mechanistic association among specific environmental exposures, epigenetic changes and adverse health outcomes in human epidemiological cohorts and/or rodent models. While this small body of evidence is largely composed of exploratory in vivo high-dose range studies, it does set a precedent for the existence of environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity. Consequently, there is worldwide recognition of this phenomenon, and discussion on how to both guide further scientific research towards a greater mechanistic understanding of environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity in humans, and translate relevant research outcomes into appropriate regulatory policies for effective public health protection.
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