New genomic data and analyses challenge the traditional vision of animal epithelium evolution.
New genomic data and analyses challenge the traditional vision of animal epithelium evolution.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12864-018-4715-9
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发表时间：
2018-05-24
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Le Bivic A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belahbib H;Renard E;Santini S;Jourda C;Claverie JM;Borchiellini C;Le Bivic A
上皮细胞的出现是后生动物扩张的基础。上皮组织是后生动物的一个标志，深深植根于其复杂的发育形态发生过程的进化。然而，对非双侧体动物上皮特征的研究仍然很少，目前还不清楚最后一个共同的后生动物祖先是否拥有一个功能齐全的上皮工具包，或者它是否是在后生动物进化过程中获得的。为了研究动物上皮细胞的早期进化，我们对两种新的海绵物种的基因组和转录组进行了测序，以表征上皮标记物，如E-钙粘蛋白复合物和海绵（孔门）的所有类别（Calcarea，Demospongiae，Hexactinellida，Homoscleromorpha）的极性复合物，并将其与Placozoa和Ctenophora中的同源物进行比较。我们发现，Placozoa和大多数海绵具有同源的所有必需基因编码的蛋白质的特征两侧上皮细胞，以及其保守的相互作用域。与此形成鲜明对比的是，我们发现栉水母缺乏几个主要的极性复合体成分，如Crumbs复合体和Scribble。此外，E-钙粘蛋白栉水母直向同源物表现出不同的胞质结构域，使其不太可能与其典型的胞质合作伙伴相互作用。这些意想不到的发现挑战了目前上皮细胞出现的进化范式。总之，我们的研究结果提出了怀疑的同源性蛋白质复合物和结构参与细胞极性和粘附型连接之间的栉水母和Bilateria上皮。本文的在线版本（10.1186/s12864-018-4715-9）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The emergence of epithelia was the foundation of metazoan expansion. Epithelial tissues are a hallmark of metazoans deeply rooted in the evolution of their complex developmental morphogenesis processes. However, studies on the epithelial features of non-bilaterians are still sparse and it remains unclear whether the last common metazoan ancestor possessed a fully functional epithelial toolkit or if it was acquired later during metazoan evolution. To investigate the early evolution of animal epithelia, we sequenced the genome and transcriptomes of two new sponge species to characterize epithelial markers such as the E-cadherin complex and the polarity complexes for all classes (Calcarea, Demospongiae, Hexactinellida, Homoscleromorpha) of sponges (phylum Porifera) and compare them with their homologues in Placozoa and in Ctenophora. We found that Placozoa and most sponges possess orthologues of all essential genes encoding proteins characteristic of bilaterian epithelial cells, as well as their conserved interaction domains. In stark contrast, we found that ctenophores lack several major polarity complex components such as the Crumbs complex and Scribble. Furthermore, the E-cadherin ctenophore orthologue exhibits a divergent cytoplasmic domain making it unlikely to interact with its canonical cytoplasmic partners. These unexpected findings challenge the current evolutionary paradigm on the emergence of epithelia. Altogether, our results raise doubt on the homology of protein complexes and structures involved in cell polarity and adhesive-type junctions between Ctenophora and Bilateria epithelia. The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4715-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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