A super-family of transcriptional activators regulates bacteriophage packaging and lysis in Gram-positive bacteria.

A super-family of transcriptional activators regulates bacteriophage packaging and lysis in Gram-positive bacteria.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkt508
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发表时间:
2013-08
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Penadés JR
Penadés JR
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Quiles-Puchalt N;Tormo-Más MÁ;Campoy S;Toledo-Arana A;Monedero V;Lasa I;Novick RP;Christie GE;Penadés JR

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噬菌体和其他移动的遗传元件的繁殖需要利用参与病毒体组装和DNA包装的噬菌体机制。在这里,我们确定并表征了四种不同的噬菌体编码蛋白家族,其在一大群感染革兰氏阳性菌的细菌中作为晚期操纵子(形态发生和裂解基因)转录所需的激活剂发挥作用。这些调节因子构成了一个蛋白质超家族,在此称为晚期转录调节因子(Ltr),其具有共同的结构、生物化学和功能特征,并且是该组转录因子所独有的。它们都是小的碱性蛋白,由存在于各自噬菌体基因组中的早期基因簇末端的基因编码,并在cI阻遏物控制下表达。为了控制晚期操纵子的表达,Ltr蛋白与位于terS基因上游的DNA重复区结合,激活其转录。这涉及Ltr蛋白的C末端部分,其控制DNA重复区的特异性。最后,我们表明,LTR蛋白是唯一的噬菌体编码的蛋白质所需的包装和裂解模块的激活。总之,我们提供的证据表明,噬菌体包装和裂解是一个保守的机制,在Siphoviridae感染各种革兰氏阳性菌。
The propagation of bacteriophages and other mobile genetic elements requires exploitation of the phage mechanisms involved in virion assembly and DNA packaging. Here, we identified and characterized four different families of phage-encoded proteins that function as activators required for transcription of the late operons (morphogenetic and lysis genes) in a large group of phages infecting Gram-positive bacteria. These regulators constitute a super-family of proteins, here named late transcriptional regulators (Ltr), which share common structural, biochemical and functional characteristics and are unique to this group of phages. They are all small basic proteins, encoded by genes present at the end of the early gene cluster in their respective phage genomes and expressed under cI repressor control. To control expression of the late operon, the Ltr proteins bind to a DNA repeat region situated upstream of the terS gene, activating its transcription. This involves the C-terminal part of the Ltr proteins, which control specificity for the DNA repeat region. Finally, we show that the Ltr proteins are the only phage-encoded proteins required for the activation of the packaging and lysis modules. In summary, we provide evidence that phage packaging and lysis is a conserved mechanism in Siphoviridae infecting a wide variety of Gram-positive bacteria.
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影响因子: 14.9
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