Effects of thinning the rate at which the alternative behavior is reinforced on resurgence of an extinguished instrumental response.
Effects of thinning the rate at which the alternative behavior is reinforced on resurgence of an extinguished instrumental response.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0028853
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发表时间：
2012-07
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Bouton, Mark E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Winterbauer, Neil E.;Bouton, Mark E.
三项以大鼠为实验对象的实验检验了在复兴范式中，降低强化速率对替代行为的影响。在所有的实验中，按下一个控制杆(L1)首先被加强，然后被熄灭，而按下另一个控制杆(L2)现在被加强。当L2反应自己消失时，L1反应“复活”。在第二阶段中，当L2按照不变的强化计划被强化时，总是观察到复苏。然而，在L2消退之前，其他大鼠的L2强化速率被系统性地降低。据预测，通过将L1消光与没有增强剂的越来越长的周期联系在一起，这种“稀化”过程将减少最终的复活。这一过程确实减少了L2消退时观察到的复燃效应(实验3)。然而，在每个实验中，稀释组也返回到L1反应，并继续进行L1反应，同时L2的强化计划正在被稀疏。对行为时间的细粒度分析表明，这种早期的复苏并不是由于L1的外在强化，也不是由于L1被强化物呈现的场合设置，或者L1作为时间表诱导的临时行为的夹带。这一结果与以下假设基本一致，即复活是一种更新效应，即当L2强化计划所提供的语境改变时，熄灭的L1反应会恢复。对这一观点的挑战也进行了讨论。
Three experiments with rats examined the effects of thinning the rate of reinforcement for the alternative behavior in the resurgence paradigm. In all experiments, pressing one lever (L1) was first reinforced and then extinguished while pressing a second, alternative, lever (L2) was now reinforced. When L2 responding was then itself extinguished, L1 responses “resurged.” Resurgence was always observed when L2 was reinforced on an unchanging reinforcement schedule during Phase 2. However, other rats received systematic decreases in the rate of L2 reinforcement before extinction of L2 began. Such a “thinning” procedure was predicted to reduce final resurgence by associating L1 extinction with longer and longer periods without a reinforcer. The procedure did reduce the resurgence effect observed when L2 was put on extinction (Experiment 3). However, in each experiment, thinned groups also returned to L1 responding, and continued to make L1 responses, while the reinforcement schedule for L2 was being thinned. Fine-grained analysis of behavior in time suggested that this early resurgence was not due to adventitious reinforcement of L1, occasion setting of L1 by reinforcer presentation, or the entrainment of L1 as a schedule-induced interim behavior. The results are overall consistent with the hypothesis that resurgence is a renewal effect in which extinguished L1 responding recovers when the context provided by the L2 reinforcement schedule is changed. Challenges for this view are also discussed.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
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