Short-term memory for pictures seen once or twice.

Short-term memory for pictures seen once or twice.
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对看过一两次的图片的短期记忆。

DOI:
10.1016/j.visres.2009.04.007
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发表时间:
2009
期刊:
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
Maljkovic,Vera
Maljkovic,Vera
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Martini,Paolo;Maljkovic,Vera

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本研究探讨了在RSVP范式中,暴露时间、重复、间隔和滞后对一般视觉场景新/旧识别记忆的影响。早期对语言材料的记忆研究发现,无论重复次数、间隔或延迟如何,学习中总暴露时间的知识足以准确预测测试中的记忆表现(总时间假设)。然而,其他研究对这种记忆强度对总学习时间的简单依赖提出了质疑,证明了间隔和滞后的超加性促进作用,以及抑制作用,如Ranschburg效应、重复盲视和注意眨眼。在本研究的实验条件下,我们没有发现促进或抑制效应的证据:RSVP对图片的识别记忆支持总时间假说。这些数据符合记忆的不等方差信号检测理论模型,该模型假设图像熟悉度的平均强度和方差都随着总学习时间的增加而增加。主要结论是,视觉场景熟悉度随时间曝光和重复的增长是一个随机独立的过程。
The present study is concerned with the effects of exposure time, repetition, spacing and lag on old/new recognition memory for generic visual scenes presented in a RSVP paradigm. Early memory studies with verbal material found that knowledge of total exposure time at study is sufficient to accurately predict memory performance at test (the Total Time Hypothesis), irrespective of number of repetitions, spacing or lag. However, other studies have disputed such simple dependence of memory strength on total study time, demonstrating super-additive facilitatory effects of spacing and lag, as well as inhibitory effects, such as the Ranschburg effect, Repetition Blindness and the Attentional Blink. In the experimental conditions of the present study we find no evidence of either facilitatory or inhibitory effects: recognition memory for pictures in RSVP supports the Total Time Hypothesis. The data are consistent with an Unequal-Variance Signal Detection Theory model of memory that assumes the average strength and the variance of the familiarity of pictures both increase with total study time. The main conclusion is that the growth of visual scene familiarity with temporal exposure and repetition is a stochastically independent process.
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