HAP2/GCS1: Mounting evidence of our true biological EVE?

HAP2/GCS1: Mounting evidence of our true biological EVE?
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000007
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发表时间:
2018-08
期刊:
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Clark T
Clark T
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Clark T

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性是有后果的——事实上,如果没有它,我们会在哪里?然而,尽管它很重要,但对于性是如何进化的,为什么它会持续下去,甚至是什么机制允许精子和卵子融合发生,我们知之甚少。幸运的是,随着对HAP2/GCS1的研究,这些问题的答案开始浮现,HAP2/GCS1是一种促进从原生生物到开花植物和昆虫等生物配子融合的分子机器。Fedry及其同事的研究首次揭示了HAP2蛋白的关键结构特征,为其作用模式提供了新的见解,并加强了它与病毒蛋白的关系,后者完成了类似的任务,并可能与进化过程中细胞-细胞融合事件(包括有性生殖)的起源密切相关。介导配子融合的蛋白质和II类病毒融合原之间的密切结构关系支持了较早的理论观点,即真核生物的有性生殖是在进化过程的早期随着病毒基因向原始细胞的水平转移而出现的。
Sex has consequences—indeed, where would we be without it? Yet for all its importance, remarkably little is known about how sex evolved, why it has persisted, or even what mechanisms allow sperm–egg fusion to occur. Fortunately, answers to these questions are beginning to emerge with studies of hapless 2/generative cell specific1 (HAP2/GCS1), a molecular machine that promotes gamete fusion in organisms ranging from protists to flowering plants and insects. In studies by Fedry and colleagues, key structural features of the HAP2 protein are revealed for the first time, lending new insights into its mode of action and reinforcing its relationship to viral proteins that accomplish a similar task and may be intimately linked to the origins of cell–cell fusion events (including sexual reproduction) across evolutionary time. Close structural relationships between proteins that mediate gamete fusion and class II viral fusogens support older theoretical arguments that sexual reproduction in eukaryotes arose with the horizontal transfer of a viral gene to a primordial cell early in the course of evolution.
HAP2/GCS1基因的进化史和后生动物中的有性繁殖。
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