Major breeding plumage color differences of male ruffs (Philomachus pugnax) are not associated with coding sequence variation in the MC1R gene.
Major breeding plumage color differences of male ruffs (Philomachus pugnax) are not associated with coding sequence variation in the MC1R gene.
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DOI：
10.1093/jhered/esu079
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lank DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farrell LL;Küpper C;Burke T;Lank DB
黑皮质素-1受体（MC 1 R）基因的序列变异解释了几种鸟类和哺乳动物的颜色形态变异。皱领（Philomachus pugnax）在黑色素为基础的雄性繁殖羽毛，这是密切相关的替代生殖行为表现出重大的深/浅的颜色差异。先前的一项研究确定了一个微卫星标记（Ppu 020）附近的MC 1 R位点与存在/不存在的观赏羽毛。我们调查了MC 1 R基因编码序列的变异是否可以解释主要的深/浅羽色变异和/或皱领中存在/不存在装饰羽。在44个雄性皱领的MC 1 R编码区821 bp中，我们发现了3个单核苷酸多态性，代表1个非同义氨基酸替换和2个同义氨基酸替换。没有与主要的深/浅的颜色差异或存在/不存在的装饰羽毛。在所有已知的氨基酸位点是功能上重要的其他鸟类物种与暗/光羽毛颜色的变化，皱要么是单态性或共享的多态性不符合颜色形态。无论是装饰羽毛的颜色差异，也没有装饰羽毛的存在/不存在的皱领可能是完全由MC 1 R基因座的编码区内的氨基酸变异。其他基因座的调控元件和结构变异可能参与黑色素的表达，并有助于在这一物种中观察到的极端羽毛多态性。
Sequence variation in the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene explains color morph variation in several species of birds and mammals. Ruffs (Philomachus pugnax) exhibit major dark/light color differences in melanin-based male breeding plumage which is closely associated with alternative reproductive behavior. A previous study identified a microsatellite marker (Ppu020) near the MC1R locus associated with the presence/absence of ornamental plumage. We investigated whether coding sequence variation in the MC1R gene explains major dark/light plumage color variation and/or the presence/absence of ornamental plumage in ruffs. Among 821bp of the MC1R coding region from 44 male ruffs we found 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms, representing 1 nonsynonymous and 2 synonymous amino acid substitutions. None were associated with major dark/light color differences or the presence/absence of ornamental plumage. At all amino acid sites known to be functionally important in other avian species with dark/light plumage color variation, ruffs were either monomorphic or the shared polymorphism did not coincide with color morph. Neither ornamental plumage color differences nor the presence/absence of ornamental plumage in ruffs are likely to be caused entirely by amino acid variation within the coding regions of the MC1R locus. Regulatory elements and structural variation at other loci may be involved in melanin expression and contribute to the extreme plumage polymorphism observed in this species.
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