Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclodecane (HBCD) in composite U.S. food samples.
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclodecane (HBCD) in composite U.S. food samples.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.0901345
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发表时间：
2010-03
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Birnbaum L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schecter A;Haffner D;Colacino J;Patel K;Päpke O;Opel M;Birnbaum L
本研究旨在更新先前美国市场篮子调查水平和多溴联苯醚（PBDE）膳食摄入量计算。本研究还首次量化了美国购买的食品中六溴环十二烷（HBCD）的含量，并估计了美国人饮食中HBCD的摄入量。这是一项更大的市场篮子研究的一部分，该研究涉及2008-2009年收集的复合食品样品中某些持久性有机污染物（POPs）多溴二苯醚、六溴二苯醚、全氟化合物、多氯联苯和农药的当前水平。在这项研究中，我们测量了31种食品类型（310个样品）的复合样品中24种多溴二苯醚同系物的浓度和总六溴二苯醚的浓度。美国饮食中多溴二苯醚和六溴二苯醚的摄入量是根据最新的美国农业部损失调整后的食物供应报告估计的。食品中的总多溴二苯醚浓度因食品类型而异，从全脂牛奶中的12 pg/g湿重（ww）到罐装沙丁鱼中的1545 pg/g ww和黄油中的6211 pg/g ww不等。四溴环十二烷总浓度在食物组内和食物组之间也有很大差异，从罐装牛肉辣椒中的23 pg/g到罐装沙丁鱼中的593 pg/g不等。乳制品样品中未检测到HBCD。所测量的所有多溴二苯醚同系物的膳食摄入量估计为50纳克/天，主要来自乳制品消费，但也来自肉类和鱼类。HBCD的摄入量估计为16纳克/天，主要来自肉类消费。目前，多溴二苯醚和六溴二苯醚污染了在美国购买的一些食品，尽管本研究中估计的多溴二苯醚摄入量低于我们之前的市场篮子调查报告。与多溴二苯醚相比，食品中六溴二苯醚的含量高于此前报告的牛奶和血液中的预期水平，与欧洲的水平相当。
This study was designed to update previous U.S. market basket surveys of levels and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) dietary intake calculations. This study also quantifies hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) levels in U.S.-purchased foods for the first time and estimates U.S. dietary intake of HBCD. This is part of a larger market basket study reported in two companion articles, of current levels of certain persistent organic pollutants (POPs) PBDEs, HBCD, perfluorinated compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, and pesticides in composite food samples collected in 2008–2009. In this study, we measured concentrations of 24 PBDE congeners and total HBCD in composite samples of 31 food types (310 samples). U.S. dietary intake of PBDEs and HBCD was estimated referencing the most current U.S. Department of Agriculture loss-adjusted food availability report. Total PBDE concentrations in food varied by food type, ranging from 12 pg/g wet weight (ww) in whole milk to 1,545 pg/g ww in canned sardines and 6,211 pg/g ww in butter. Total HBCD concentrations also varied substantially within and among food groups, ranging from 23 pg/g in canned beef chili to 593 pg/g in canned sardines. HBCD was not detected in any dairy samples. Dietary intake of all PBDE congeners measured was estimated to be 50 ng/day, mostly from dairy consumption but also from meat and fish. HBCD intake was estimated at 16 ng/day, primarily from meat consumption. PBDEs and HBCDs currently contaminate some food purchased in the United States, although PBDE intake estimated in this study is lower than reported in our previous market basket surveys. HBCD is in food at higher levels than expected based on previously reported levels in milk and blood compared with PBDE levels and is comparable to European levels.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Legler, Juliette
通讯作者：
Legler, Juliette
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Herbstman JB;Sjödin A;Apelberg BJ;Witter FR;Halden RU;Patterson DG;Panny SR;Needham LL;Goldman LR
通讯作者：
Goldman LR
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Hayward, Douglas;Wong, Jon;Krynitsky, Alexander J.
通讯作者：
Krynitsky, Alexander J.
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Hakk, H.;Huwe, J. K.;Larsen, G. L.
通讯作者：
Larsen, G. L.
溴化阻燃剂：值得关注吗？
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Birnbaum LS;Staskal DF
通讯作者：
Staskal DF