Influence of pollen nutrition on honey bee health: do pollen quality and diversity matter?
Influence of pollen nutrition on honey bee health: do pollen quality and diversity matter?
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0072016
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Alaux C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Di Pasquale G;Salignon M;Le Conte Y;Belzunces LP;Decourtye A;Kretzschmar A;Suchail S;Brunet JL;Alaux C
蜜蜂群体高度依赖于植物资源的可用性，它们从中获得发育和生存所需的营养物质（特别是花粉）。然而，觅食区目前受到农业集约化和景观改变的影响。因此，蜜蜂面临着花资源丰富度、类型和多样性在时间和空间上的差异，这可能提供不足的营养并危及蜂群。花粉的可用性对蜜蜂健康的有益影响是公认的，但花粉饮食的质量和多样性是否可以改变蜜蜂的健康仍然是未知的。因此，我们测试了花粉饮食质量（不同的单花花粉）和多样性（多花花粉饮食）对具有不同营养生理学（例如，下咽腺发育和卵黄蛋白原水平）的年轻护士蜂的生理学的影响，以及对微孢子虫寄生虫的耐受性的影响 通过测量蜜蜂的存活率和可能参与蜜蜂健康和防御反应的不同酶（谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（解毒）、酚氧化酶（免疫）和碱性磷酸酶（代谢））的活性，我们发现护士蜂的生理机能和对寄生虫的耐受性都受到花粉质量的影响。花粉食性的多样性对保育蜂的生理和健康蜂的生存没有影响。然而，当被寄生时，用多花混合物喂养的蜜蜂比用单花花粉喂养的蜜蜂活得更长，除了蛋白质最丰富的单花花粉。健康蜜蜂的存活率与碱性磷酸酶活性呈正相关，感染蜜蜂的存活率与酚氧化酶活性呈正相关。我们的研究结果支持这样一种观点，即花粉的质量和多样性（在特定背景下）可以塑造蜜蜂生理学，并可能有助于更好地了解农业和土地利用集约化对蜜蜂营养和健康的影响。
Honey bee colonies are highly dependent upon the availability of floral resources from which they get the nutrients (notably pollen) necessary to their development and survival. However, foraging areas are currently affected by the intensification of agriculture and landscape alteration. Bees are therefore confronted to disparities in time and space of floral resource abundance, type and diversity, which might provide inadequate nutrition and endanger colonies. The beneficial influence of pollen availability on bee health is well-established but whether quality and diversity of pollen diets can modify bee health remains largely unknown. We therefore tested the influence of pollen diet quality (different monofloral pollens) and diversity (polyfloral pollen diet) on the physiology of young nurse bees, which have a distinct nutritional physiology (e.g. hypopharyngeal gland development and vitellogenin level), and on the tolerance to the microsporidian parasite Nosema ceranae by measuring bee survival and the activity of different enzymes potentially involved in bee health and defense response (glutathione-S-transferase (detoxification), phenoloxidase (immunity) and alkaline phosphatase (metabolism)). We found that both nurse bee physiology and the tolerance to the parasite were affected by pollen quality. Pollen diet diversity had no effect on the nurse bee physiology and the survival of healthy bees. However, when parasitized, bees fed with the polyfloral blend lived longer than bees fed with monofloral pollens, excepted for the protein-richest monofloral pollen. Furthermore, the survival was positively correlated to alkaline phosphatase activity in healthy bees and to phenoloxydase activities in infected bees. Our results support the idea that both the quality and diversity (in a specific context) of pollen can shape bee physiology and might help to better understand the influence of agriculture and land-use intensification on bee nutrition and health.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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